Merged object bake

- Baked rotated object variants, packed transactions, non-blocking source plan builds

core/src/main/java/art/arcane/iris/generation/mantle/CaveObjectPlacementTransaction.java

@@ -30,27 +30,41 @@ import art.arcane.iris.generation.hydrology.cave.HydrologyCaveCell;
 import art.arcane.volmlib.nativelib.terrain.NativeBlockState;
 import art.arcane.volmlib.util.math.BlockPosition;
 import art.arcane.iris.generation.block.B;
-import art.arcane.volmlib.util.collection.KList;
 import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.longs.Long2IntOpenHashMap;
+import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.longs.Long2ObjectOpenHashMap;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
-import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 
 final class CaveObjectPlacementTransaction implements IObjectPlacer {
     private static final int CACHE_MISS = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
+    private static final int POSITION_BITS = 21;
+    private static final int POSITION_LIMIT = 1 << (POSITION_BITS - 1);
+    private static final long POSITION_MASK = (1L << POSITION_BITS) - 1L;
 
     private final IObjectPlacer delegate;
     private final Engine engine;
     private final int anchorY;
     private final int minDepthBelowSurface;
     private final int worldHeight;
-    private final KList<BufferedMutation> mutations;
-    private final Map<PositionKey, NativeBlockState> bufferedBlocks;
+    private static final byte BLOCK = 0;
+    private static final byte TILE = 1;
+    private static final byte DATA = 2;
+    private int[] mutationX = new int[64];
+    private int[] mutationY = new int[64];
+    private int[] mutationZ = new int[64];
+    private Object[] mutationValues = new Object[64];
+    private byte[] mutationKinds = new byte[64];
+    private boolean[] mutationCanopies = new boolean[64];
+    private int mutationCount;
+    private final Long2ObjectOpenHashMap<NativeBlockState> bufferedBlocks;
     private final Long2IntOpenHashMap surfaceHeights;
     private final Long2IntOpenHashMap caveCeilings;
     private int blockWrites;
     private BlockPosition canopyPosition;
+    private boolean originKnown;
+    private int originX;
+    private int originZ;
 
     CaveObjectPlacementTransaction(IObjectPlacer delegate, int anchorY, int minDepthBelowSurface) {
         this.delegate = delegate;
@@ -58,8 +72,7 @@ final class CaveObjectPlacementTransaction implements IObjectPlacer {
         this.anchorY = anchorY;
         this.minDepthBelowSurface = Math.max(0, minDepthBelowSurface);
         this.worldHeight = engine == null ? 0 : engine.getHeight();
-        this.mutations = new KList<>();
-        this.bufferedBlocks = new HashMap<>();
+        this.bufferedBlocks = new Long2ObjectOpenHashMap<>();
         this.surfaceHeights = new Long2IntOpenHashMap();
         this.caveCeilings = new Long2IntOpenHashMap();
         this.surfaceHeights.defaultReturnValue(CACHE_MISS);
@@ -73,28 +86,41 @@ final class CaveObjectPlacementTransaction implements IObjectPlacer {
         }
 
         IrisComplex complex = engine == null ? null : engine.getComplex();
-        for (BufferedMutation mutation : mutations) {
+        boolean previousChecked = false;
+        int previousX = 0;
+        int previousY = 0;
+        int previousZ = 0;
+        for (int index = 0; index < mutationCount; index++) {
+            int x = mutationX[index];
+            int y = mutationY[index];
+            int z = mutationZ[index];
+            if (previousChecked && x == previousX && y == previousY && z == previousZ) {
+                continue;
+            }
             if (complex != null
-                    && !complex.allowsNewDiscreteContentAt(mutation.x(), mutation.z())) {
+                    && !complex.allowsNewDiscreteContentAt(x, z)) {
                 discard();
                 return CommitResult.REJECTED_TRANSITION;
             }
-            if (!isWithinBounds(mutation.x(), mutation.y(), mutation.z())) {
+            if (!isWithinBounds(x, y, z)) {
                 discard();
                 return CommitResult.REJECTED_BOUNDS;
             }
-            SubterrainCell feature = engine.getSubterrainCell(mutation.x(), mutation.y(), mutation.z());
+            SubterrainCell feature = engine.getSubterrainCell(x, y, z);
             if (SubterrainRasterizer.protectsPlacement(feature)
-                    || feature != null && feature.solid() && delegate.isSolid(mutation.x(), mutation.y(), mutation.z())) {
+                    || feature != null && feature.solid() && delegate.isSolid(x, y, z)) {
                 discard();
                 return CommitResult.REJECTED_SUBTERRAIN;
             }
-            HydrologyCaveCell hydrology = delegate.getData(
-                    mutation.x(), mutation.y(), mutation.z(), HydrologyCaveCell.class);
+            HydrologyCaveCell hydrology = delegate.getData(x, y, z, HydrologyCaveCell.class);
             if (hydrology != null && hydrology.protectsPlacement()) {
                 discard();
                 return CommitResult.REJECTED_HYDROLOGY;
             }
+            previousChecked = true;
+            previousX = x;
+            previousY = y;
+            previousZ = z;
         }
 
         applyMutations();
@@ -106,18 +132,26 @@ final class CaveObjectPlacementTransaction implements IObjectPlacer {
         boolean canopyOpen = false;
         boolean skipCanopy = false;
         try {
-            for (BufferedMutation mutation : mutations) {
-                if (mutation.value() instanceof NativeBlockState) {
+            for (int index = 0; index < mutationCount; index++) {
+                int x = mutationX[index];
+                int y = mutationY[index];
+                int z = mutationZ[index];
+                Object value = mutationValues[index];
+                boolean canopy = mutationCanopies[index];
+                if (value instanceof NativeBlockState) {
                     if (canopyOpen) {
                         delegate.endTreeCanopy();
                         canopyOpen = false;
                     }
-                    skipCanopy = mutation.canopy()
-                            && !delegate.beginTreeCanopy(new BlockPosition(mutation.x(), mutation.y(), mutation.z()));
-                    canopyOpen = mutation.canopy() && !skipCanopy;
+                    skipCanopy = canopy && !delegate.beginTreeCanopy(new BlockPosition(x, y, z));
+                    canopyOpen = canopy && !skipCanopy;
                 }
-                if (!mutation.canopy() || !skipCanopy) {
-                    mutation.apply(delegate);
+                if (!canopy || !skipCanopy) {
+                    switch (mutationKinds[index]) {
+                        case BLOCK -> delegate.set(x, y, z, (NativeBlockState) value);
+                        case TILE -> delegate.setTile(x, y, z, (TileData) value);
+                        default -> delegate.setData(x, y, z, value);
+                    }
                 }
             }
         } finally {
@@ -128,11 +162,31 @@ final class CaveObjectPlacementTransaction implements IObjectPlacer {
     }
 
     void discard() {
-        mutations.clear();
+        Arrays.fill(mutationValues, 0, mutationCount, null);
+        mutationCount = 0;
         bufferedBlocks.clear();
         blockWrites = 0;
     }
 
+    private void buffer(byte kind, int x, int y, int z, Object value) {
+        if (mutationCount == mutationValues.length) {
+            int capacity = mutationCount * 2;
+            mutationX = Arrays.copyOf(mutationX, capacity);
+            mutationY = Arrays.copyOf(mutationY, capacity);
+            mutationZ = Arrays.copyOf(mutationZ, capacity);
+            mutationValues = Arrays.copyOf(mutationValues, capacity);
+            mutationKinds = Arrays.copyOf(mutationKinds, capacity);
+            mutationCanopies = Arrays.copyOf(mutationCanopies, capacity);
+        }
+        mutationX[mutationCount] = x;
+        mutationY[mutationCount] = y;
+        mutationZ[mutationCount] = z;
+        mutationValues[mutationCount] = value;
+        mutationKinds[mutationCount] = kind;
+        mutationCanopies[mutationCount] = isCanopy(x, y, z);
+        mutationCount++;
+    }
+
     int getCaveCeiling(int x, int z) {
         long key = Cache.key(x, z);
         int cached = caveCeilings.get(key);
@@ -164,8 +218,8 @@ final class CaveObjectPlacementTransaction implements IObjectPlacer {
         if (state == null) {
             return;
         }
-        mutations.add(new BlockMutation(x, y, z, state, isCanopy(x, y, z)));
-        bufferedBlocks.put(new PositionKey(x, y, z), state);
+        buffer(BLOCK, x, y, z, state);
+        bufferedBlocks.put(bufferKey(x, y, z), state);
         blockWrites++;
     }
 
@@ -190,7 +244,7 @@ final class CaveObjectPlacementTransaction implements IObjectPlacer {
 
     @Override
     public NativeBlockState get(int x, int y, int z) {
-        NativeBlockState buffered = bufferedBlocks.get(new PositionKey(x, y, z));
+        NativeBlockState buffered = bufferedBlocks.isEmpty() ? null : bufferedBlocks.get(bufferKey(x, y, z));
         return buffered == null ? delegate.get(x, y, z) : buffered;
     }
 
@@ -211,7 +265,7 @@ final class CaveObjectPlacementTransaction implements IObjectPlacer {
 
     @Override
     public boolean isSolid(int x, int y, int z) {
-        NativeBlockState buffered = bufferedBlocks.get(new PositionKey(x, y, z));
+        NativeBlockState buffered = bufferedBlocks.isEmpty() ? null : bufferedBlocks.get(bufferKey(x, y, z));
         return buffered == null ? delegate.isSolid(x, y, z) : B.isSolid(buffered);
     }
 
@@ -242,7 +296,7 @@ final class CaveObjectPlacementTransaction implements IObjectPlacer {
     @Override
     public void setTile(int x, int y, int z, TileData tile) {
         if (tile != null) {
-            mutations.add(new TileMutation(x, y, z, tile, isCanopy(x, y, z)));
+            buffer(TILE, x, y, z, tile);
         }
     }
 
@@ -251,21 +305,20 @@ final class CaveObjectPlacementTransaction implements IObjectPlacer {
         if (data == null) {
             return;
         }
-        mutations.add(new DataMutation(x, y, z, data, isCanopy(x, y, z)));
+        buffer(DATA, x, y, z, data);
         if (data instanceof NativeBlockState state) {
-            bufferedBlocks.put(new PositionKey(x, y, z), state);
+            bufferedBlocks.put(bufferKey(x, y, z), state);
             blockWrites++;
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public <T> @Nullable T getData(int x, int y, int z, Class<T> type) {
-        for (int i = mutations.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-            BufferedMutation mutation = mutations.get(i);
-            if (mutation.x() != x || mutation.y() != y || mutation.z() != z) {
+        for (int index = mutationCount - 1; index >= 0; index--) {
+            if (mutationX[index] != x || mutationY[index] != y || mutationZ[index] != z) {
                 continue;
             }
-            Object value = mutation.value();
+            Object value = mutationValues[index];
             if (type.isInstance(value)) {
                 return type.cast(value);
             }
@@ -278,6 +331,22 @@ final class CaveObjectPlacementTransaction implements IObjectPlacer {
         return engine;
     }
 
+    private long bufferKey(int x, int y, int z) {
+        if (!originKnown) {
+            originX = x;
+            originZ = z;
+            originKnown = true;
+        }
+        int dx = x - originX;
+        int dz = z - originZ;
+        if (dx < -POSITION_LIMIT || dx >= POSITION_LIMIT || dz < -POSITION_LIMIT || dz >= POSITION_LIMIT
+                || y < -POSITION_LIMIT || y >= POSITION_LIMIT) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Cave object write at " + x + "," + y + "," + z
+                    + " is too far from its first write at " + originX + "," + originZ);
+        }
+        return ((dx & POSITION_MASK) << (POSITION_BITS * 2)) | ((dz & POSITION_MASK) << POSITION_BITS) | (y & POSITION_MASK);
+    }
+
     private boolean isWithinBounds(int x, int y, int z) {
         if (engine == null || y < 0 || y >= worldHeight) {
             return false;
@@ -325,42 +394,4 @@ final class CaveObjectPlacementTransaction implements IObjectPlacer {
         REJECTED_HYDROLOGY,
         REJECTED_SUBTERRAIN
     }
-
-    private interface BufferedMutation {
-        int x();
-
-        int y();
-
-        int z();
-
-        Object value();
-
-        boolean canopy();
-
-        void apply(IObjectPlacer placer);
-    }
-
-    private record BlockMutation(int x, int y, int z, NativeBlockState value, boolean canopy) implements BufferedMutation {
-        @Override
-        public void apply(IObjectPlacer placer) {
-            placer.set(x, y, z, value);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private record TileMutation(int x, int y, int z, TileData value, boolean canopy) implements BufferedMutation {
-        @Override
-        public void apply(IObjectPlacer placer) {
-            placer.setTile(x, y, z, value);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private record DataMutation(int x, int y, int z, Object value, boolean canopy) implements BufferedMutation {
-        @Override
-        public void apply(IObjectPlacer placer) {
-            placer.setData(x, y, z, value);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private record PositionKey(int x, int y, int z) {
-    }
 }

core/src/main/java/art/arcane/iris/generation/mantle/MantleObjectComponent.java

@@ -88,6 +88,8 @@ public class MantleObjectComponent extends IrisMantleComponent {
     private static final Map<String, CaveRejectLogState> CAVE_REJECT_LOG_STATE = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
     private static final Set<String> MISSING_LOAD_KEY_WARNED = ConcurrentHashMap.newKeySet();
     private static final long SOURCE_PLAN_STATS_INTERVAL_MS = 30_000L;
+    private static final int MAXIMUM_TREE_MATERIALS = 8192;
+    private static final Map<NativeBlockState, TreeBlockMaterial> TREE_MATERIALS = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
 
     private final Object collisionRuleLock;
     private final ObjectSourcePlanCache sourcePlans;
@@ -124,7 +126,14 @@ public class MantleObjectComponent extends IrisMantleComponent {
     }
 
     private static void writeTreeMaterial(IObjectPlacer placer, int x, int y, int z, NativeBlockState data) {
-        placer.setData(x, y, z, TreeBlockMaterial.of(data));
+        TreeBlockMaterial material = TREE_MATERIALS.get(data);
+        if (material == null) {
+            material = TreeBlockMaterial.of(data);
+            if (TREE_MATERIALS.size() < MAXIMUM_TREE_MATERIALS) {
+                TREE_MATERIALS.putIfAbsent(data, material);
+            }
+        }
+        placer.setData(x, y, z, material);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -157,19 +166,23 @@ public class MantleObjectComponent extends IrisMantleComponent {
         ObjectDestinationTransaction transaction = new ObjectDestinationTransaction(writer, x, z);
         int radius = getRadius();
         int sourceChunkRadius = sourceChunkRadius(radius);
-        replaySourceChunks(
-                x,
-                z,
-                radius,
-                (sourceX, sourceZ) -> {
-                    ObjectSourcePlan plan = sourcePlans.acquire(sourceX, sourceZ, x, z, sourceChunkRadius,
-                            () -> buildSourcePlan(writer, sourceX, sourceZ, context));
-                    if (plan != null) {
-                        transaction.apply(plan);
-                        plan.persistContinuations(writer, sourceX, sourceZ, x, z);
-                    }
-                }
-        );
+        int side = (sourceChunkRadius * 2) + 1;
+        ObjectSourcePlan[] plans = new ObjectSourcePlan[side * side];
+        int[] slot = new int[1];
+        replaySourceChunks(x, z, radius, (sourceX, sourceZ) -> plans[slot[0]++] = sourcePlans.tryAcquire(
+                sourceX, sourceZ, x, z, sourceChunkRadius, () -> buildSourcePlan(writer, sourceX, sourceZ, context)));
+        slot[0] = 0;
+        replaySourceChunks(x, z, radius, (sourceX, sourceZ) -> {
+            ObjectSourcePlan plan = plans[slot[0]++];
+            if (plan == ObjectSourcePlanCache.BUSY) {
+                plan = sourcePlans.acquire(sourceX, sourceZ, x, z, sourceChunkRadius,
+                        () -> buildSourcePlan(writer, sourceX, sourceZ, context));
+            }
+            if (plan != null) {
+                transaction.apply(plan);
+                plan.persistContinuations(writer, sourceX, sourceZ, x, z);
+            }
+        });
         transaction.commit();
         logSourcePlanStats();
     }

core/src/main/java/art/arcane/iris/generation/mantle/MantleWriter.java

@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ public class MantleWriter implements ObjectPassPlacer, AutoCloseable {
         synchronized (chunk) {
             Matter matter = chunk.getOrCreate(y >> 4);
             if ((t instanceof NativeBlockState || t instanceof MatterCavern)
-                    && (hasProtectedHydrology(matter, x, y, z) || protectsSubterrainPlacement(x, y, z))) {
+                    && hasProtectedHydrology(matter, x, y, z)) {
                 return;
             }
             if (t instanceof NativeBlockState) {

core/src/main/java/art/arcane/iris/generation/mantle/MutationLog.java

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+package art.arcane.iris.generation.mantle;
+
+import art.arcane.volmlib.nativelib.terrain.NativeBlockState;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+final class MutationLog {
+    private static final byte CUSTOM = 1;
+    private static final byte CANOPY = 2;
+
+    private int size;
+    private int[] x = new int[32];
+    private int[] y = new int[32];
+    private int[] z = new int[32];
+    private Object[] values = new Object[32];
+    private byte[] flags = new byte[32];
+
+    static MutationLog of(List<ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation> mutations) {
+        MutationLog log = new MutationLog();
+        for (ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation mutation : mutations) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(mutation, "mutation");
+            ObjectDestinationTransaction.DataKey key = mutation.key();
+            switch (mutation) {
+                case ObjectDestinationTransaction.SetMutation set -> {
+                    Object value = Objects.requireNonNull(set.value(), "mutation value");
+                    if (ObjectSourcePlan.typeOf(value) != key.type()) {
+                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Object mutation type " + key.type().getName()
+                                + " does not match its value " + value.getClass().getName());
+                    }
+                    log.add(key.x(), key.y(), key.z(), value, false, set.canopy());
+                }
+                case ObjectDestinationTransaction.CustomBlockMutation block -> log.add(key.x(), key.y(), key.z(),
+                        Objects.requireNonNull(block.state(), "custom block state"), true, block.canopy());
+            }
+        }
+        return log;
+    }
+
+    void add(int blockX, int blockY, int blockZ, Object value, boolean custom, boolean canopy) {
+        if (size == values.length) {
+            int capacity = size * 2;
+            x = Arrays.copyOf(x, capacity);
+            y = Arrays.copyOf(y, capacity);
+            z = Arrays.copyOf(z, capacity);
+            values = Arrays.copyOf(values, capacity);
+            flags = Arrays.copyOf(flags, capacity);
+        }
+        x[size] = blockX;
+        y[size] = blockY;
+        z[size] = blockZ;
+        values[size] = value;
+        flags[size] = (byte) ((custom ? CUSTOM : 0) | (canopy ? CANOPY : 0));
+        size++;
+    }
+
+    int size() {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    int x(int index) {
+        return x[index];
+    }
+
+    int y(int index) {
+        return y[index];
+    }
+
+    int z(int index) {
+        return z[index];
+    }
+
+    Object value(int index) {
+        return values[index];
+    }
+
+    boolean custom(int index) {
+        return (flags[index] & CUSTOM) != 0;
+    }
+
+    boolean canopy(int index) {
+        return (flags[index] & CANOPY) != 0;
+    }
+
+    Class<?> type(int index) {
+        return custom(index) ? NativeBlockState.class : ObjectSourcePlan.typeOf(values[index]);
+    }
+}

core/src/main/java/art/arcane/iris/generation/mantle/ObjectDestinationTransaction.java

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import art.arcane.iris.generation.decoration.tree.TreeBlockMaterial;
 import art.arcane.iris.generation.hydrology.cave.HydrologyCaveCell;
 import art.arcane.iris.generation.subterrain.SubterrainRasterizer;
 import art.arcane.iris.generation.block.TileData;
-import art.arcane.iris.structure.object.IObjectPlacer;
 import art.arcane.volmlib.nativelib.terrain.NativeBlockState;
 import art.arcane.volmlib.util.math.BlockPosition;
 import art.arcane.iris.generation.block.B;
@@ -18,10 +17,11 @@ import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.ints.Int2ObjectMap;
 import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.ints.Int2ObjectOpenHashMap;
 import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.longs.Long2ObjectOpenHashMap;
+import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.longs.LongOpenHashSet;
+import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.objects.Reference2IntOpenHashMap;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
     private final int destinationChunkX;
     private final int destinationChunkZ;
     private final int worldHeight;
-    private final List<Mutation> mutations;
+    private final MutationLog log = new MutationLog();
     private final List<PlacementRange> placements = new ArrayList<>();
     private final Long2ObjectOpenHashMap<Int2ObjectOpenHashMap<OverlayCell>> overlay;
     private BlockPosition canopyPosition;
@@ -40,13 +40,17 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
     private int hydrologyGateChunkX;
     private int hydrologyGateChunkZ;
     private boolean hydrologyGateOpen;
+    private boolean subterrainKnown;
+    private int subterrainX;
+    private int subterrainY;
+    private int subterrainZ;
+    private boolean subterrainProtects;
 
     ObjectDestinationTransaction(MantleWriter writer, int destinationChunkX, int destinationChunkZ) {
         this.writer = writer;
         this.destinationChunkX = destinationChunkX;
         this.destinationChunkZ = destinationChunkZ;
         this.worldHeight = writer.getMantle().getWorldHeight();
-        this.mutations = new ArrayList<>();
         this.overlay = new Long2ObjectOpenHashMap<>();
     }
 
@@ -55,11 +59,11 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
     }
 
     int mutationCheckpoint() {
-        return mutations.size();
+        return log.size();
     }
 
     ObjectSourcePlan sourcePlanSince(int checkpoint) {
-        if (checkpoint < 0 || checkpoint > mutations.size()) {
+        if (checkpoint < 0 || checkpoint > log.size()) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Mutation checkpoint is outside the transaction");
         }
         ArrayList<PlacementRange> accepted = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -68,65 +72,91 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
                 accepted.add(new PlacementRange(placement.start() - checkpoint, placement.end() - checkpoint));
             }
         }
-        return new ObjectSourcePlan(mutations.subList(checkpoint, mutations.size()), accepted);
+        return new ObjectSourcePlan(log, checkpoint, accepted);
     }
 
     @Override
     public int beginObjectPlacement() {
-        return mutations.size();
+        return log.size();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void endObjectPlacement(int checkpoint) {
-        if (checkpoint >= 0 && checkpoint < mutations.size()) {
-            placements.add(new PlacementRange(checkpoint, mutations.size()));
+        if (checkpoint >= 0 && checkpoint < log.size()) {
+            placements.add(new PlacementRange(checkpoint, log.size()));
         }
     }
 
     void apply(ObjectSourcePlan plan) {
+        int slot = plan.destinationSlot(destinationChunkX, destinationChunkZ);
+        if (slot < 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        int baseX = destinationChunkX << 4;
+        int baseZ = destinationChunkZ << 4;
         boolean skipCanopy = false;
-        for (Mutation mutation : plan.mutationsFor(destinationChunkX, destinationChunkZ)) {
-            if (mutation.key().type() == NativeBlockState.class) {
-                NativeBlockState existing = mutation.canopy() ? get(mutation.key().x(), mutation.key().y(), mutation.key().z()) : null;
+        int end = plan.slotEnd(slot);
+        for (int index = plan.slotStart(slot); index < end; index++) {
+            int cell = plan.cellAt(index);
+            int x = baseX | ObjectSourcePlan.cellX(cell);
+            int y = ObjectSourcePlan.cellY(cell);
+            int z = baseZ | ObjectSourcePlan.cellZ(cell);
+            Object value = plan.valueAt(index);
+            boolean custom = ObjectSourcePlan.isCustom(cell);
+            boolean canopy = ObjectSourcePlan.isCanopy(cell);
+            if (custom || value instanceof NativeBlockState) {
+                NativeBlockState existing = canopy ? get(x, y, z) : null;
                 skipCanopy = existing != null && existing.isSolid();
             }
-            if (mutation.canopy() && skipCanopy) {
+            if (canopy && skipCanopy) {
                 continue;
             }
-            switch (mutation) {
-                case SetMutation set -> setData(set.key().x(), set.key().y(), set.key().z(), set.value(), set);
-                case CustomBlockMutation custom -> set(custom.key().x(), custom.key().y(), custom.key().z(), custom.state(), custom);
+            if (custom) {
+                set(x, y, z, (NativeBlockState) value, true, canopy);
+            } else {
+                setData(x, y, z, value, true, canopy);
             }
         }
     }
 
     private void commitFenced() {
-        LinkedHashMap<DataKey, Object> originals = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        CommitJournal journal = new CommitJournal();
         try {
-            for (Mutation mutation : mutations) {
-                if (!isDestination(mutation.x(), mutation.z())) {
+            for (int position = 0; position < log.size(); position++) {
+                int x = log.x(position);
+                int z = log.z(position);
+                if (!isDestination(x, z)) {
                     continue;
                 }
-                captureOriginal(originals, mutation.key());
-                if (mutation.key().type() == NativeBlockState.class) {
-                    TileWrapper tile = writer.getDataIfPresent(
-                            mutation.key().x(), mutation.key().y(), mutation.key().z(), TileWrapper.class);
-                    if (tile != null) {
-                        originals.putIfAbsent(new DataKey(
-                                mutation.key().x(), mutation.key().y(), mutation.key().z(), TileWrapper.class), tile);
+                int y = log.y(position);
+                Object value = log.value(position);
+                boolean custom = log.custom(position);
+                Class<?> type = log.type(position);
+                if (!journal.captured(x, y, z, type)) {
+                    journal.capture(x, y, z, type, publishedOrCleared(x, y, z, type));
+                }
+                if (type == NativeBlockState.class) {
+                    if (!journal.captured(x, y, z, TileWrapper.class)) {
+                        TileWrapper tile = writer.getDataIfPresent(x, y, z, TileWrapper.class);
+                        if (tile != null) {
+                            journal.capture(x, y, z, TileWrapper.class, tile);
+                        }
                     }
-                    Identifier identifier = writer.getDataIfPresent(
-                            mutation.key().x(), mutation.key().y(), mutation.key().z(), Identifier.class);
-                    if (identifier != null || mutation instanceof CustomBlockMutation) {
-                        originals.putIfAbsent(new DataKey(
-                                mutation.key().x(), mutation.key().y(), mutation.key().z(), Identifier.class),
-                                identifier == null ? CLEARED : identifier);
+                    if (!journal.captured(x, y, z, Identifier.class)) {
+                        Identifier identifier = writer.getDataIfPresent(x, y, z, Identifier.class);
+                        if (identifier != null || custom) {
+                            journal.capture(x, y, z, Identifier.class, identifier == null ? CLEARED : identifier);
+                        }
                     }
                 }
-                mutation.apply(writer);
+                if (custom) {
+                    writer.set(x, y, z, (NativeBlockState) value);
+                } else {
+                    writer.setData(x, y, z, value);
+                }
             }
         } catch (Throwable failure) {
-            rollback(originals, failure);
+            journal.rollback(failure);
             if (failure instanceof RuntimeException runtimeException) {
                 throw runtimeException;
             }
@@ -149,10 +179,10 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
 
     @Override
     public void set(int x, int y, int z, NativeBlockState state) {
-        set(x, y, z, state, null);
+        set(x, y, z, state, false, false);
     }
 
-    private void set(int x, int y, int z, NativeBlockState state, CustomBlockMutation replayed) {
+    private void set(int x, int y, int z, NativeBlockState state, boolean replayed, boolean replayedCanopy) {
         if (state == null) {
             return;
         }
@@ -167,8 +197,7 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
             cell.block = baseState;
             cell.tile = CLEARED;
             cell.identifier = identifier;
-            mutations.add(replayed != null
-                    ? replayed : new CustomBlockMutation(new DataKey(x, y, z, NativeBlockState.class), state, isCanopy(x, y, z)));
+            log.add(x, y, z, state, true, replayed ? replayedCanopy : isCanopy(x, y, z));
             return;
         }
         setData(x, y, z, state);
@@ -262,10 +291,10 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
 
     @Override
     public <T> void setData(int x, int y, int z, T data) {
-        setData(x, y, z, data, null);
+        setData(x, y, z, data, false, false);
     }
 
-    private void setData(int x, int y, int z, Object data, SetMutation replayed) {
+    private void setData(int x, int y, int z, Object data, boolean replayed, boolean replayedCanopy) {
         if (data == null || y < 0 || y >= worldHeight
                 || protectsSubterrain(x, y, z)) {
             return;
@@ -285,8 +314,7 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
         } else {
             cell.put(type, data);
         }
-        mutations.add(replayed != null
-                ? replayed : new SetMutation(new DataKey(x, y, z, type), data, isCanopy(x, y, z)));
+        log.add(x, y, z, data, false, replayed ? replayedCanopy : isCanopy(x, y, z));
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -368,18 +396,6 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
         return value == null ? CLEARED : value;
     }
 
-    private void captureOriginal(LinkedHashMap<DataKey, Object> originals, DataKey key) {
-        originals.computeIfAbsent(
-                key,
-                candidate -> publishedOrCleared(
-                        candidate.x(),
-                        candidate.y(),
-                        candidate.z(),
-                        candidate.type()
-                )
-        );
-    }
-
     private boolean isDestination(int x, int z) {
         return (x >> 4) == destinationChunkX && (z >> 4) == destinationChunkZ;
     }
@@ -396,8 +412,17 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
     }
 
     private boolean protectsSubterrain(int x, int y, int z) {
+        if (subterrainKnown && x == subterrainX && y == subterrainY && z == subterrainZ) {
+            return subterrainProtects;
+        }
         Engine engine = getEngine();
-        return engine != null && SubterrainRasterizer.protectsPlacement(engine.getSubterrainCell(x, y, z));
+        boolean protects = engine != null && SubterrainRasterizer.protectsPlacement(engine.getSubterrainCell(x, y, z));
+        subterrainX = x;
+        subterrainY = y;
+        subterrainZ = z;
+        subterrainProtects = protects;
+        subterrainKnown = true;
+        return protects;
     }
 
     private boolean hasProtectedHydrology(int x, int y, int z) {
@@ -419,22 +444,44 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
         return hydrologyGateOpen;
     }
 
-    private void rollback(LinkedHashMap<DataKey, Object> originals, Throwable failure) {
-        ArrayList<Map.Entry<DataKey, Object>> entries = new ArrayList<>(originals.entrySet());
-        for (int index = entries.size() - 1; index >= 0; index--) {
-            Map.Entry<DataKey, Object> entry = entries.get(index);
-            DataKey key = entry.getKey();
-            try {
-                writer.restoreData(key.x(), key.y(), key.z(), key.type(),
-                        entry.getValue() == CLEARED ? null : entry.getValue());
-            } catch (Throwable rollbackFailure) {
-                if (rollbackFailure != failure) {
-                    failure.addSuppressed(rollbackFailure);
+    private final class CommitJournal {
+        private final Reference2IntOpenHashMap<Class<?>> typeIds = new Reference2IntOpenHashMap<>();
+        private final LongOpenHashSet keys = new LongOpenHashSet();
+        private final ArrayList<Original> originals = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        private long key(int x, int y, int z, Class<?> type) {
+            int typeId = typeIds.computeIfAbsent(type, (Class<?> ignored) -> typeIds.size());
+            return ((long) typeId << 32) | ((long) y << 8) | ((long) (z & 15) << 4) | (x & 15);
+        }
+
+        private boolean captured(int x, int y, int z, Class<?> type) {
+            return keys.contains(key(x, y, z, type));
+        }
+
+        private void capture(int x, int y, int z, Class<?> type, Object value) {
+            if (keys.add(key(x, y, z, type))) {
+                originals.add(new Original(x, y, z, type, value));
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void rollback(Throwable failure) {
+            for (int index = originals.size() - 1; index >= 0; index--) {
+                Original original = originals.get(index);
+                try {
+                    writer.restoreData(original.x(), original.y(), original.z(), original.type(),
+                            original.value() == CLEARED ? null : original.value());
+                } catch (Throwable rollbackFailure) {
+                    if (rollbackFailure != failure) {
+                        failure.addSuppressed(rollbackFailure);
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 
+    private record Original(int x, int y, int z, Class<?> type, Object value) {
+    }
+
     private static final class OverlayCell {
         private Object block;
         private Object hydrology;
@@ -506,8 +553,6 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
         DataKey key();
 
         boolean canopy();
-
-        void apply(IObjectPlacer placer);
     }
 
     record SetMutation(DataKey key, Object value, boolean canopy) implements Mutation {
@@ -520,11 +565,6 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
         public int z() {
             return key.z();
         }
-
-        @Override
-        public void apply(IObjectPlacer placer) {
-            placer.setData(key.x(), key.y(), key.z(), value);
-        }
     }
 
     record CustomBlockMutation(DataKey key, NativeBlockState state, boolean canopy) implements Mutation {
@@ -537,10 +577,5 @@ final class ObjectDestinationTransaction implements ObjectPassPlacer {
         public int z() {
             return key.z();
         }
-
-        @Override
-        public void apply(IObjectPlacer placer) {
-            placer.set(key.x(), key.y(), key.z(), state);
-        }
     }
 }

core/src/main/java/art/arcane/iris/generation/mantle/ObjectSourcePlan.java

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.objects.Reference2IntOpenHashMap;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Objects;
 
 final class ObjectSourcePlan {
     static final ObjectSourcePlan EMPTY = new ObjectSourcePlan(List.of());
@@ -45,18 +44,21 @@ final class ObjectSourcePlan {
     private final int estimatedRetainedBytes;
 
     ObjectSourcePlan(List<ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation> mutations) {
-        this(mutations, List.of());
+        this(MutationLog.of(mutations), 0, List.of());
     }
 
     ObjectSourcePlan(List<ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation> mutations, List<ObjectDestinationTransaction.PlacementRange> accepted) {
-        int count = mutations.size();
+        this(MutationLog.of(mutations), 0, accepted);
+    }
+
+    ObjectSourcePlan(MutationLog log, int from, List<ObjectDestinationTransaction.PlacementRange> accepted) {
+        int count = log.size() - from;
         long[] mutationDestinations = new long[count];
         Long2IntOpenHashMap destinationSlots = new Long2IntOpenHashMap();
         destinationSlots.defaultReturnValue(-1);
         LongArrayList firstSeen = new LongArrayList();
         for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
-            ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation mutation = Objects.requireNonNull(mutations.get(index), "mutation");
-            long destination = destinationKey(mutation.x() >> 4, mutation.z() >> 4);
+            long destination = destinationKey(log.x(from + index) >> 4, log.z(from + index) >> 4);
             mutationDestinations[index] = destination;
             if (destinationSlots.putIfAbsent(destination, firstSeen.size()) == -1) {
                 firstSeen.add(destination);
@@ -80,38 +82,23 @@ final class ObjectSourcePlan {
         valueIndexes = new int[count];
         ValueTable table = new ValueTable();
         for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
-            ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation mutation = mutations.get(index);
+            int logged = from + index;
             int position = cursor[destinationSlots.get(mutationDestinations[index])]++;
             positions[index] = position;
-            ObjectDestinationTransaction.DataKey key = mutation.key();
-            if (key.y() < 0 || key.y() > MAXIMUM_Y) {
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Object mutation height is outside the plan range: " + key.y());
+            int y = log.y(logged);
+            if (y < 0 || y > MAXIMUM_Y) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Object mutation height is outside the plan range: " + y);
             }
-            Object value;
-            int custom;
-            switch (mutation) {
-                case ObjectDestinationTransaction.SetMutation set -> {
-                    value = Objects.requireNonNull(set.value(), "mutation value");
-                    if (typeOf(value) != key.type()) {
-                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Object mutation type " + key.type().getName()
-                                + " does not match its value " + value.getClass().getName());
-                    }
-                    custom = 0;
-                }
-                case ObjectDestinationTransaction.CustomBlockMutation block -> {
-                    value = Objects.requireNonNull(block.state(), "custom block state");
-                    custom = CUSTOM_BIT;
-                }
-            }
-            cells[position] = (key.y() << Y_SHIFT) | custom | (mutation.canopy() ? CANOPY_BIT : 0) | ((key.z() & 15) << 4) | (key.x() & 15);
-            valueIndexes[position] = table.indexOf(value);
+            cells[position] = (y << Y_SHIFT) | (log.custom(logged) ? CUSTOM_BIT : 0) | (log.canopy(logged) ? CANOPY_BIT : 0)
+                    | ((log.z(logged) & 15) << 4) | (log.x(logged) & 15);
+            valueIndexes[position] = table.indexOf(log.value(logged));
         }
         values = table.values.toArray();
 
         ArrayList<Placement> crossing = new ArrayList<>();
         for (int ordinal = 0; ordinal < accepted.size(); ordinal++) {
             ObjectDestinationTransaction.PlacementRange range = accepted.get(ordinal);
-            Placement placement = crossingPlacement(ordinal, range.start(), range.end(), mutations, mutationDestinations, destinationSlots, positions);
+            Placement placement = crossingPlacement(ordinal, range.start(), range.end(), log, from, mutationDestinations, destinationSlots, positions);
             if (placement != null) {
                 crossing.add(placement);
             }
@@ -147,12 +134,13 @@ final class ObjectSourcePlan {
             int ordinal,
             int start,
             int end,
-            List<ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation> mutations,
+            MutationLog log,
+            int from,
             long[] mutationDestinations,
             Long2IntOpenHashMap destinationSlots,
             int[] positions
     ) {
-        if (start < 0 || end > mutations.size() || start >= end) {
+        if (start < 0 || end > log.size() - from || start >= end) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Object placement range is outside the plan");
         }
         long first = mutationDestinations[start];
@@ -172,11 +160,12 @@ final class ObjectSourcePlan {
         int maximumX = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
         int maximumZ = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
         for (int mutationIndex = start; mutationIndex < end; mutationIndex++) {
-            ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation mutation = mutations.get(mutationIndex);
-            minimumX = Math.min(minimumX, mutation.x());
-            minimumZ = Math.min(minimumZ, mutation.z());
-            maximumX = Math.max(maximumX, mutation.x());
-            maximumZ = Math.max(maximumZ, mutation.z());
+            int mutationX = log.x(from + mutationIndex);
+            int mutationZ = log.z(from + mutationIndex);
+            minimumX = Math.min(minimumX, mutationX);
+            minimumZ = Math.min(minimumZ, mutationZ);
+            maximumX = Math.max(maximumX, mutationX);
+            maximumZ = Math.max(maximumZ, mutationZ);
             long destination = mutationDestinations[mutationIndex];
             int touchedIndex = touchedIndexes.get(destination);
             if (touchedIndex < 0) {
@@ -216,6 +205,55 @@ final class ObjectSourcePlan {
         return destinations.length == 0;
     }
 
+    int slotStart(int slot) {
+        return offsets[slot];
+    }
+
+    int slotEnd(int slot) {
+        return offsets[slot + 1];
+    }
+
+    int cellAt(int index) {
+        return cells[index];
+    }
+
+    Object valueAt(int index) {
+        return values[valueIndexes[index]];
+    }
+
+    static int cellX(int cell) {
+        return cell & 15;
+    }
+
+    static int cellZ(int cell) {
+        return (cell >>> 4) & 15;
+    }
+
+    static int cellY(int cell) {
+        return cell >>> Y_SHIFT;
+    }
+
+    static boolean isCustom(int cell) {
+        return (cell & CUSTOM_BIT) != 0;
+    }
+
+    static boolean isCanopy(int cell) {
+        return (cell & CANOPY_BIT) != 0;
+    }
+
+    ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation mutationAt(int chunkX, int chunkZ, int index) {
+        int cell = cells[index];
+        int x = (chunkX << 4) | cellX(cell);
+        int z = (chunkZ << 4) | cellZ(cell);
+        int y = cellY(cell);
+        Object value = valueAt(index);
+        return isCustom(cell)
+                ? new ObjectDestinationTransaction.CustomBlockMutation(
+                new ObjectDestinationTransaction.DataKey(x, y, z, NativeBlockState.class), (NativeBlockState) value, isCanopy(cell))
+                : new ObjectDestinationTransaction.SetMutation(
+                new ObjectDestinationTransaction.DataKey(x, y, z, typeOf(value)), value, isCanopy(cell));
+    }
+
     List<ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation> mutationsFor(int chunkX, int chunkZ) {
         int slot = destinationSlot(chunkX, chunkZ);
         return slot < 0 ? List.of() : decode(chunkX, chunkZ, offsets[slot], offsets[slot + 1] - offsets[slot]);
@@ -266,19 +304,8 @@ final class ObjectSourcePlan {
 
     private List<ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation> decode(int chunkX, int chunkZ, int start, int length) {
         ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation[] decoded = new ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation[length];
-        int baseX = chunkX << 4;
-        int baseZ = chunkZ << 4;
         for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
-            int cell = cells[start + index];
-            int x = baseX | (cell & 15);
-            int z = baseZ | ((cell >>> 4) & 15);
-            int y = cell >>> Y_SHIFT;
-            Object value = values[valueIndexes[start + index]];
-            decoded[index] = (cell & CUSTOM_BIT) != 0
-                    ? new ObjectDestinationTransaction.CustomBlockMutation(
-                    new ObjectDestinationTransaction.DataKey(x, y, z, NativeBlockState.class), (NativeBlockState) value, (cell & CANOPY_BIT) != 0)
-                    : new ObjectDestinationTransaction.SetMutation(
-                    new ObjectDestinationTransaction.DataKey(x, y, z, typeOf(value)), value, (cell & CANOPY_BIT) != 0);
+            decoded[index] = mutationAt(chunkX, chunkZ, start + index);
         }
         return List.of(decoded);
     }

core/src/main/java/art/arcane/iris/generation/mantle/ObjectSourcePlanCache.java

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Cache;
 import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Caffeine;
 import art.arcane.volmlib.util.cache.CacheKey;
 
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletionException;
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ import java.util.function.Supplier;
 import static art.arcane.iris.generation.cache.Cache.key;
 
 final class ObjectSourcePlanCache {
+    static final ObjectSourcePlan BUSY = new ObjectSourcePlan(List.of());
     private static final long MAXIMUM_RETAINED_BYTES = 512L * 1024L * 1024L;
     private static final int ENTRY_BYTES = 64;
 
@@ -68,6 +70,19 @@ final class ObjectSourcePlanCache {
         return plan;
     }
 
+    ObjectSourcePlan tryAcquire(int sourceChunkX, int sourceChunkZ, int destinationChunkX, int destinationChunkZ,
+                                int sourceChunkRadius, Supplier<ObjectSourcePlan> builder) {
+        State current = state;
+        long source = CacheKey.mix(key(sourceChunkX, sourceChunkZ));
+        if (current.plans.getIfPresent(source) == null) {
+            Pending pending = current.pending.get(source);
+            if (pending != null && pending.owner != Thread.currentThread()) {
+                return BUSY;
+            }
+        }
+        return acquire(sourceChunkX, sourceChunkZ, destinationChunkX, destinationChunkZ, sourceChunkRadius, builder);
+    }
+
     private ObjectSourcePlan claim(State current, long source, Entry entry, int destinationChunkX, int destinationChunkZ,
                                    Supplier<ObjectSourcePlan> builder) {
         int slot = entry.slot(destinationChunkX, destinationChunkZ);

core/src/main/java/art/arcane/iris/structure/object/IrisObject.java

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
 import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
@@ -144,6 +145,7 @@ public class IrisObject extends IrisRegistrant {
     protected transient AtomicCache<AxisAlignedBB> aabb = new AtomicCache<>();
     transient final AtomicCache<KList<IrisBlockVector>> surfaceSupportOffsets = new AtomicCache<>();
     transient final AtomicCache<FloatingObjectFootprint> floatingFootprint = new AtomicCache<>();
+    transient final ConcurrentHashMap<ObjectPlacementBake.Key, ObjectPlacementBake> placementBakes = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
     @Getter
     @Setter
     private transient TreeGrounding treeGrounding;

core/src/main/java/art/arcane/iris/structure/object/IrisObjectPlacementRunner.java

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ import art.arcane.iris.generation.decoration.IrisVacuumSettings;
 import art.arcane.iris.world.entity.IrisMarker;
 
 import art.arcane.iris.pack.loading.IrisData;
-import art.arcane.iris.generation.runtime.GenerationFailures;
 import art.arcane.iris.generation.runtime.IrisComplex;
 import art.arcane.iris.generation.runtime.Engine;
 import art.arcane.volmlib.nativelib.terrain.structure.NativeStructureVolume;
@@ -52,6 +51,7 @@ import art.arcane.volmlib.util.matter.MatterMarker;
 import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.longs.Long2LongOpenHashMap;
 
 import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Set;
@@ -475,127 +475,53 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
         int vacuumLowest = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
         int vacuumHighest = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
         self.readLock.lock();
-
-        KMap<IrisBlockVector, String> markers = null;
-
         try {
-            VectorMap<NativeBlockState> blocks = self.blocks;
-            VectorMap<TileData> states = self.states;
-            TreeGrounding tree = self.getTreeGrounding();
-            // Zero-tile objects are the common case: skip the two Key allocations VectorMap#get needs to prove null.
-            boolean hasStates = !states.isEmpty();
+            ObjectPlacementBake bake = ObjectPlacementBake.of(self, spin, ceilingHang, translating ? translateOffset : null);
+            PlacementStates palette = new PlacementStates(bake.palette(), config.getRotation(), spinx, spiny, spinz,
+                    preventingDecay, placer.isDebugSmartBore(), excludedStiltMaterials);
+            double[] exact = warped || hasEdits || eroding ? bake.exact(self, spin) : null;
+            String[] markers = config.getMarkers().isNotEmpty() && placer.getEngine() != null
+                    ? resolveMarkers(config, rng, x, yv, z, rdata, bake) : null;
+            int[] tileBlocks = bake.tileBlocks();
+            TileData[] tileValues = bake.tileValues();
+            int tileCursor = 0;
+            int count = bake.count();
 
-            if (config.getMarkers().isNotEmpty() && placer.getEngine() != null) {
-                markers = new KMap<>();
-                KList<IrisBlockVector> list = StreamSupport.stream(blocks.keys().spliterator(), false)
-                        .collect(KList.collector());
-                // Marker selection persists into the mantle, so it must be seed-deterministic.
-                // Derive a side stream keyed on the placement position instead of consuming the
-                // caller's rng: consuming draws there would shift every later placement in the
-                // chunk and invalidate existing worlds/goldenhashes.
-                RNG markerRng = rng.nextParallelRNG(((((long) x) << 32) | (z & 0xFFFFFFFFL)) * 31L + yv);
-
-                int markerIndex = 0;
-                for (IrisObjectMarker j : config.getMarkers()) {
-                    IrisMarker marker = self.getLoader().getMarkerLoader().load(j.getMarker());
-                    int markerSalt = markerIndex++;
-
-                    if (marker == null || marker.isCompatExcluded()) {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-
-                    int max = j.getMaximumMarkers();
-                    for (IrisBlockVector i : list.shuffleCopy(markerRng.nextParallelRNG(markerSalt))) {
-                        if (max <= 0) {
-                            break;
-                        }
-
-                        NativeBlockState data = blocks.get(i);
-                        if (data == null) {
-                            continue;
-                        }
-
-                        for (NativeBlockState k : j.getMark(rdata)) {
-                            if (max <= 0) {
-                                break;
-                            }
-
-                            if (j.isExact() ? k.matches(data) : IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(k).equals(IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(data))) {
-                                boolean a = !blocks.containsKey((IrisBlockVector) i.clone().add(new IrisBlockVector(0, 1, 0)));
-                                boolean fff = !blocks.containsKey((IrisBlockVector) i.clone().add(new IrisBlockVector(0, 2, 0)));
-
-                                if (!marker.isEmptyAbove() || (a && fff)) {
-                                    markers.put(i, j.getMarker());
-                                    max--;
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            VectorMap<NativeBlockState>.Cursor cursor = blocks.cursor();
-            while (cursor.next()) {
-                IrisBlockVector g = cursor.key();
-                NativeBlockState d;
+            for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+                int entry = bake.paletteIndex(index);
                 TileData tile = null;
+                if (tileBlocks != null && tileCursor < tileBlocks.length && tileBlocks[tileCursor] == index) {
+                    tile = tileValues[tileCursor++];
+                }
 
-                try {
-                    d = cursor.value();
-                    if (hasStates) {
-                        tile = states.get(g);
+                if (stilting && palette.stiltLayer(entry)) {
+                    int layer = bake.layerY(index);
+                    if (layer < lowest) {
+                        lowest = layer;
                     }
-                } catch (Throwable e) {
-                    GenerationFailures.rethrowEngineFailure(e);
-                    IrisLogging.reportError(e);
-                    IrisLogging.warn("Failed to read block node " + g.getBlockX() + "," + g.getBlockY() + "," + g.getBlockZ() + " in object " + self.getLoadKey() + " (cme)");
-                    d = IrisObject.States.air();
-                }
-
-                if (d == null) {
-                    IrisLogging.warn("Failed to read block node " + g.getBlockX() + "," + g.getBlockY() + "," + g.getBlockZ() + " in object " + self.getLoadKey() + " (null)");
-                    d = IrisObject.States.air();
-                }
-
-                if (placer.isDebugSmartBore() && IrisObject.States.vair().equals(d)) {
-                    d = IrisObject.States.vairDebug();
-                }
-
-                NativeBlockState data = d;
-                IrisBlockVector i = g.clone();
-                spin.rotate(i);
-                if (ceilingHang) {
-                    i.setY(-i.getBlockY());
-                }
-                if (translating) {
-                    i.add(translateOffset);
-                }
-
-                if (stilting && IrisObjectShaping.isStiltLayerBlock(data)) {
-                    if (i.getBlockY() < lowest) {
-                        lowest = i.getBlockY();
-                    }
-                    if (i.getBlockY() > topLayer) {
-                        topLayer = i.getBlockY();
+                    if (layer > topLayer) {
+                        topLayer = layer;
                     }
                 }
 
-                if (preventingDecay && IrisProceduralBlocks.hasProperty(data, "distance") && "false".equals(IrisProceduralBlocks.propertyValue(data, "persistent"))) {
-                    data = data.withProperty("persistent", "true");
-                }
-
+                NativeBlockState data = palette.decayed(entry);
+                boolean edited = false;
                 if (hasEdits) {
+                    double exactX = exact[index * 3];
+                    double exactY = exact[index * 3 + 1];
+                    double exactZ = exact[index * 3 + 2];
                     for (IrisObjectReplace j : config.getEdit()) {
                         if (rng.chance(j.getChance())) {
                             for (NativeBlockState k : j.getFind(rdata)) {
                                 if (j.isExact() ? k.matches(data) : IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(k).equals(IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(data))) {
-                                    NativeBlockState newData = j.getReplace(rng, i.getX() + x, i.getY() + y, i.getZ() + z, rdata);
+                                    NativeBlockState newData = j.getReplace(rng, exactX + x, exactY + y, exactZ + z, rdata);
 
                                     boolean sameMaterial = IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(newData).equals(IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(data));
                                     if (sameMaterial && !(newData.isCustom() || data.isCustom()))
                                         data = BlockDataMergeSupport.merge(data, newData);
                                     else
                                         data = newData;
+                                    edited = true;
 
                                     Optional<TileData> t = j.getReplace().getTile(rng, x, y, z, rdata);
                                     if (t.isPresent()) {
@@ -609,18 +535,21 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
                     }
                 }
 
-                data = config.getRotation().rotate(data, spinx, spiny, spinz);
-                if (data == null) {
+                StateFacts facts = edited ? palette.factsOf(data) : palette.facts(entry);
+                NativeBlockState rotated = facts.rotated();
+                if (rotated == null) {
                     continue;
                 }
-                xx = x + (int) Math.round(i.getX());
-
-                int yy = y + (int) Math.round(i.getY());
-                zz = z + (int) Math.round(i.getZ());
+                xx = x + bake.offsetX(index);
+                int yy = y + bake.offsetY(index);
+                zz = z + bake.offsetZ(index);
 
                 if (warped) {
-                    xx += surfaceWarp.fitDouble(-warpHalf, warpHalf, i.getX() + x, i.getY() + y, i.getZ() + z);
-                    zz += surfaceWarp.fitDouble(-warpHalf, warpHalf, i.getZ() + z, i.getY() + y, i.getX() + x);
+                    double exactX = exact[index * 3];
+                    double exactY = exact[index * 3 + 1];
+                    double exactZ = exact[index * 3 + 2];
+                    xx += surfaceWarp.fitDouble(-warpHalf, warpHalf, exactX + x, exactY + y, exactZ + z);
+                    zz += surfaceWarp.fitDouble(-warpHalf, warpHalf, exactZ + z, exactY + y, exactX + x);
                 }
 
                 if (paint) {
@@ -628,8 +557,8 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
                     if (surface == IrisPaintSurfaceProjection.MISSING) {
                         continue;
                     }
-                    if (!B.isVineBlock(data)) {
-                        yy = (int) Math.round(i.getY()) + Math.floorDiv(self.h, 2) + surface + yrand;
+                    if (!B.isVineBlock(rotated)) {
+                        yy = bake.offsetY(index) + Math.floorDiv(self.h, 2) + surface + yrand;
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -637,13 +566,18 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                boolean canopy = tree != null && tree.isCanopy(g.getBlockX(), g.getBlockY(), g.getBlockZ());
+                boolean canopy = bake.canopy(index);
                 if (canopy && !placer.beginTreeCanopy(new BlockPosition(xx, yy, zz))) {
                     continue;
                 }
 
                 try {
-                    data = normalizePlacedWaterlogging(data, placer, xx, yy, zz, waterlogCandidate);
+                    data = rotated;
+                    if (facts.waterloggable()) {
+                        data = waterlogCandidate || facts.authoredWaterlogged()
+                                ? IrisProceduralBlocks.normalizeWaterlogging(data, placer.get(xx, yy, zz), waterlogCandidate)
+                                : facts.dry();
+                    }
 
                     if (!rawStructurePiece && B.isVineBlock(data)) {
                         data = attachVineFaces(placer, data, xx, yy, zz);
@@ -652,9 +586,7 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
                     // Short-circuit order matters for cost only: the mantle read is paid solely
                     // for vine blocks. Both operands are pure, so the value is unchanged.
                     boolean wouldReplace = !rawStructurePiece && B.isVineBlock(data) && B.isSolid(placer.get(xx, yy, zz));
-                    String material = IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(data);
-                    boolean air = material.equals("minecraft:air") || material.equals("minecraft:cave_air");
-                    boolean place = shouldPlaceObjectBlock(rawStructurePiece, air, wouldReplace);
+                    boolean place = shouldPlaceObjectBlock(rawStructurePiece, facts.air(), wouldReplace);
 
                     if (data.isCustom() || place) {
                         placer.set(xx, yy, zz, data);
@@ -668,8 +600,8 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
                         if (tile != null) {
                             placer.setTile(xx, yy, zz, tile);
                         }
-                        if (markers != null && markers.containsKey(g)) {
-                            placer.setData(xx, yy, zz, new MatterMarker(markers.get(g)));
+                        if (markers != null && markers[index] != null) {
+                            placer.setData(xx, yy, zz, new MatterMarker(markers[index]));
                         }
                         if (listener != null) {
                             listener.accept(new BlockPosition(xx, yy, zz), data);
@@ -687,27 +619,21 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
                     }
                 }
             }
-        } finally {
-            self.readLock.unlock();
-        }
 
-        if (grounding != null) {
-            for (TreeGrounding.Extension extension : grounding.extensions()) {
-                for (int rootY = extension.topY(); rootY >= extension.bottomY(); rootY--) {
-                    NativeBlockState rootState = normalizePlacedWaterlogging(extension.state(), placer,
-                            extension.x(), rootY, extension.z(), waterlogCandidate);
-                    placer.set(extension.x(), rootY, extension.z(), rootState);
-                    if (listener != null) {
-                        listener.accept(new BlockPosition(extension.x(), rootY, extension.z()), rootState);
+            if (grounding != null) {
+                for (TreeGrounding.Extension extension : grounding.extensions()) {
+                    for (int rootY = extension.topY(); rootY >= extension.bottomY(); rootY--) {
+                        NativeBlockState rootState = normalizePlacedWaterlogging(extension.state(), placer,
+                                extension.x(), rootY, extension.z(), waterlogCandidate);
+                        placer.set(extension.x(), rootY, extension.z(), rootState);
+                        if (listener != null) {
+                            listener.accept(new BlockPosition(extension.x(), rootY, extension.z()), rootState);
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
-        }
 
-        if (stilting) {
-            self.readLock.lock();
-            try {
-                VectorMap<NativeBlockState> blocks = self.blocks;
+            if (stilting) {
                 IrisStiltSettings settings = stiltSettings;
 
                 double erodeCentroidX = 0;
@@ -715,93 +641,51 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
                 double erodeMaxDist = 1;
                 if (eroding) {
                     int centroidCount = 0;
-                    VectorMap<NativeBlockState>.Cursor centroidCursor = blocks.cursor();
-                    while (centroidCursor.next()) {
-                        IrisBlockVector rot = centroidCursor.key().clone();
-                        spin.rotate(rot);
-                        if (translating) {
-                            rot.add(translateOffset);
-                        }
-                        if (rot.getBlockY() == lowest) {
-                            NativeBlockState bd = centroidCursor.value();
-                            if (bd != null && IrisObjectShaping.shouldStilt(bd, excludedStiltMaterials)) {
-                                erodeCentroidX += rot.getX();
-                                erodeCentroidZ += rot.getZ();
-                                centroidCount++;
-                            }
+                    for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+                        if (bake.layerY(index) == lowest && palette.shouldStilt(bake.paletteIndex(index))) {
+                            erodeCentroidX += exact[index * 3];
+                            erodeCentroidZ += exact[index * 3 + 2];
+                            centroidCount++;
                         }
                     }
                     if (centroidCount > 0) {
                         erodeCentroidX /= centroidCount;
                         erodeCentroidZ /= centroidCount;
                     }
-                    VectorMap<NativeBlockState>.Cursor spreadCursor = blocks.cursor();
-                    while (spreadCursor.next()) {
-                        IrisBlockVector rot = spreadCursor.key().clone();
-                        spin.rotate(rot);
-                        if (translating) {
-                            rot.add(translateOffset);
-                        }
-                        if (rot.getBlockY() == lowest) {
-                            NativeBlockState bd = spreadCursor.value();
-                            if (bd != null && IrisObjectShaping.shouldStilt(bd, excludedStiltMaterials)) {
-                                double dx = rot.getX() - erodeCentroidX;
-                                double dz = rot.getZ() - erodeCentroidZ;
-                                double dist = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dz * dz);
-                                if (dist > erodeMaxDist) {
-                                    erodeMaxDist = dist;
-                                }
+                    for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+                        if (bake.layerY(index) == lowest && palette.shouldStilt(bake.paletteIndex(index))) {
+                            double dx = exact[index * 3] - erodeCentroidX;
+                            double dz = exact[index * 3 + 2] - erodeCentroidZ;
+                            double dist = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dz * dz);
+                            if (dist > erodeMaxDist) {
+                                erodeMaxDist = dist;
                             }
                         }
                     }
                 }
 
-                VectorMap<NativeBlockState>.Cursor stiltCursor = blocks.cursor();
-                while (stiltCursor.next()) {
-                    IrisBlockVector g = stiltCursor.key();
-                    NativeBlockState sourceData;
-                    try {
-                        sourceData = stiltCursor.value();
-                    } catch (Throwable e) {
-                        GenerationFailures.rethrowEngineFailure(e);
-                        IrisLogging.reportError(e);
-                        IrisLogging.warn("Failed to read block node " + g.getBlockX() + "," + g.getBlockY() + "," + g.getBlockZ() + " in object " + self.getLoadKey() + " (stilt cme)");
-                        sourceData = IrisObject.States.air();
-                    }
-
-                    if (sourceData == null) {
-                        IrisLogging.warn("Failed to read block node " + g.getBlockX() + "," + g.getBlockY() + "," + g.getBlockZ() + " in object " + self.getLoadKey() + " (stilt null)");
-                        sourceData = IrisObject.States.air();
-                    }
-
-                    if (!IrisObjectShaping.shouldStilt(sourceData, excludedStiltMaterials)) {
+                int targetLayer = ceilingHang ? topLayer : lowest;
+                for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+                    int entry = bake.paletteIndex(index);
+                    if (!palette.shouldStilt(entry)) {
                         continue;
                     }
 
-                    NativeBlockState d = sourceData;
+                    NativeBlockState d;
                     if (settings != null && settings.getPalette() != null) {
                         d = config.getStiltSettings().getPalette().get(rng, x, y, z, rdata);
                     } else {
-                        String mat = IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(d);
-                        if (mat.equals("minecraft:grass_block") || mat.equals("minecraft:mycelium") || mat.equals("minecraft:podzol") || mat.equals("minecraft:dirt_path")) {
-                            d = IrisObject.States.dirt();
-                        }
+                        d = palette.stiltDefault(entry);
                     }
 
-                    IrisBlockVector i = g.clone();
-                    spin.rotate(i);
-                    if (ceilingHang) {
-                        i.setY(-i.getBlockY());
-                    }
-                    if (translating) {
-                        i.add(translateOffset);
-                    }
-                    int targetLayer = ceilingHang ? topLayer : lowest;
-                    if (i.getBlockY() != targetLayer)
+                    if (bake.layerY(index) != targetLayer)
                         continue;
-                    d = config.getRotation().rotate(d, spinx, spiny, spinz);
+                    d = palette.rotate(d);
 
                     if (hasEdits) {
+                        double exactX = exact[index * 3];
+                        double exactY = exact[index * 3 + 1];
+                        double exactZ = exact[index * 3 + 2];
                         for (IrisObjectReplace j : config.getEdit()) {
                             if (rng.chance(j.getChance())) {
                                 for (NativeBlockState k : j.getFind(rdata)) {
@@ -809,7 +693,7 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
                                         continue;
                                     }
                                     if (j.isExact() ? k.matches(d) : IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(k).equals(IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(d))) {
-                                        NativeBlockState newData = j.getReplace(rng, i.getX() + x, i.getY() + y, i.getZ() + z, rdata);
+                                        NativeBlockState newData = j.getReplace(rng, exactX + x, exactY + y, exactZ + z, rdata);
 
                                         if (IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(newData).equals(IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(d))) {
                                             d = BlockDataMergeSupport.merge(d, newData);
@@ -822,15 +706,18 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
                         }
                     }
 
-                    if (d == null || !IrisObjectShaping.shouldStilt(d, excludedStiltMaterials))
+                    if (d == null || !palette.shouldStiltPlaced(d))
                         continue;
 
-                    xx = x + (int) Math.round(i.getX());
-                    zz = z + (int) Math.round(i.getZ());
+                    xx = x + bake.offsetX(index);
+                    zz = z + bake.offsetZ(index);
 
                     if (warped) {
-                        xx += surfaceWarp.fitDouble(-warpHalf, warpHalf, i.getX() + x, i.getY() + y, i.getZ() + z);
-                        zz += surfaceWarp.fitDouble(-warpHalf, warpHalf, i.getZ() + z, i.getY() + y, i.getX() + x);
+                        double exactX = exact[index * 3];
+                        double exactY = exact[index * 3 + 1];
+                        double exactZ = exact[index * 3 + 2];
+                        xx += surfaceWarp.fitDouble(-warpHalf, warpHalf, exactX + x, exactY + y, exactZ + z);
+                        zz += surfaceWarp.fitDouble(-warpHalf, warpHalf, exactZ + z, exactY + y, exactX + x);
                     }
 
                     if (organic) {
@@ -891,8 +778,6 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
 
                     int highest = placer.getHighest(xx, zz, self.getLoader(), true);
 
-
-
                     int lowerBound = highest - 1;
                     if (settings != null) {
                         lowerBound -= config.getStiltSettings().getOverStilt() - rng.i(0, config.getStiltSettings().getYRand());
@@ -901,8 +786,8 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
                     }
 
                     if (eroding) {
-                        double dx = i.getX() - erodeCentroidX;
-                        double dz = i.getZ() - erodeCentroidZ;
+                        double dx = exact[index * 3] - erodeCentroidX;
+                        double dz = exact[index * 3 + 2] - erodeCentroidZ;
                         double normalizedDist = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dz * dz) / erodeMaxDist;
                         normalizedDist = Math.min(normalizedDist, 1.0);
                         int totalDepth = (lowest + y) - lowerBound;
@@ -933,11 +818,10 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
                         }
                         placer.set(xx, j, zz, normalizePlacedWaterlogging(d, placer, xx, j, zz, waterlogCandidate));
                     }
-
                 }
-            } finally {
-                self.readLock.unlock();
             }
+        } finally {
+            self.readLock.unlock();
         }
 
         if (vacuuming && vacuumLowest != Integer.MAX_VALUE && placer.getEngine() != null) {
@@ -974,9 +858,76 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
         if (state == null || !IrisProceduralBlocks.hasProperty(state, "waterlogged")) {
             return state;
         }
+        if (!enabled && !"true".equals(IrisProceduralBlocks.propertyValue(state, "waterlogged"))) {
+            return IrisProceduralBlocks.normalizeWaterlogging(state, null, false);
+        }
         return IrisProceduralBlocks.normalizeWaterlogging(state, placer.get(x, y, z), enabled);
     }
 
+    private String[] resolveMarkers(IrisObjectPlacement config, RNG rng, int x, int yv, int z, IrisData rdata,
+                                    ObjectPlacementBake bake) {
+        self.readLock.lock();
+        try {
+            VectorMap<NativeBlockState> blocks = self.blocks;
+            KMap<IrisBlockVector, String> markers = new KMap<>();
+            KList<IrisBlockVector> list = StreamSupport.stream(blocks.keys().spliterator(), false)
+                    .collect(KList.collector());
+            // Marker selection persists into the mantle, so it must be seed-deterministic.
+            // Derive a side stream keyed on the placement position instead of consuming the
+            // caller's rng: consuming draws there would shift every later placement in the
+            // chunk and invalidate existing worlds/goldenhashes.
+            RNG markerRng = rng.nextParallelRNG(((((long) x) << 32) | (z & 0xFFFFFFFFL)) * 31L + yv);
+
+            int markerIndex = 0;
+            for (IrisObjectMarker j : config.getMarkers()) {
+                IrisMarker marker = self.getLoader().getMarkerLoader().load(j.getMarker());
+                int markerSalt = markerIndex++;
+
+                if (marker == null || marker.isCompatExcluded()) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                int max = j.getMaximumMarkers();
+                for (IrisBlockVector i : list.shuffleCopy(markerRng.nextParallelRNG(markerSalt))) {
+                    if (max <= 0) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    NativeBlockState data = blocks.get(i);
+                    if (data == null) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    for (NativeBlockState k : j.getMark(rdata)) {
+                        if (max <= 0) {
+                            break;
+                        }
+
+                        if (j.isExact() ? k.matches(data) : IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(k).equals(IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(data))) {
+                            boolean a = !blocks.containsKey((IrisBlockVector) i.clone().add(new IrisBlockVector(0, 1, 0)));
+                            boolean fff = !blocks.containsKey((IrisBlockVector) i.clone().add(new IrisBlockVector(0, 2, 0)));
+
+                            if (!marker.isEmptyAbove() || (a && fff)) {
+                                markers.put(i, j.getMarker());
+                                max--;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            String[] resolved = new String[bake.count()];
+            VectorMap<NativeBlockState>.Cursor cursor = blocks.cursor();
+            int index = 0;
+            while (index < resolved.length && cursor.next()) {
+                resolved[index++] = markers.get(cursor.key());
+            }
+            return resolved;
+        } finally {
+            self.readLock.unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
     private KList<IrisBlockVector> transformedPaintSupport(SpinKernel spin, IrisBlockVector translateOffset,
                                                           CNG warp, double half, int x, int y, int z) {
         KList<IrisBlockVector> offsets = new KList<>();
@@ -1337,152 +1288,159 @@ final class IrisObjectPlacementRunner {
         return result;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Precomputed vector rotation for a single placement.
-     * <p>
-     * This mirrors {@link IrisObjectRotation#rotate(IrisBlockVector, int, int, int)} branch for branch, with two
-     * differences: it mutates the vector handed to it instead of cloning, and the per-axis angle plus its cosine
-     * and sine are resolved once instead of once per block. The angle is a pure function of the axis clamp and the
-     * spin, both fixed for the placement, and Math.cos/Math.sin are pure, so every produced double is identical to
-     * the value the per-call form would have produced.
-     */
-    private static final class SpinKernel {
-        private static final int MODE_NONE = 0;
-        private static final int MODE_FLIP = 1;
-        private static final int MODE_QUARTER = 2;
-        private static final int MODE_THREE_QUARTER = 3;
-        private static final int MODE_ANGLE = 4;
+    private record StateFacts(NativeBlockState rotated, boolean waterloggable, boolean authoredWaterlogged,
+                              NativeBlockState dry, boolean air) {
+        private static final StateFacts ROTATED_AWAY = new StateFacts(null, false, false, null, false);
+    }
 
-        private final boolean rotates;
-        private final int xMode;
-        private final int yMode;
-        private final int zMode;
-        private final double xCos;
-        private final double xSin;
-        private final double yCos;
-        private final double ySin;
-        private final double zCos;
-        private final double zSin;
+    private static final class PlacementStates {
+        private static final Object ROTATED_AWAY = new Object();
+        private static final byte UNKNOWN = 0;
+        private static final byte NO = 1;
+        private static final byte YES = 2;
 
-        private SpinKernel(IrisObjectRotation rotation, int spinx, int spiny, int spinz) {
-            rotates = rotation.canRotate();
-            xMode = rotation.canRotateX() ? modeOf(rotation.getXAxis()) : MODE_NONE;
-            zMode = rotation.canRotateZ() ? modeOf(rotation.getZAxis()) : MODE_NONE;
-            yMode = rotation.canRotateY() ? modeOf(rotation.getYAxis()) : MODE_NONE;
+        private final NativeBlockState[] palette;
+        private final IrisObjectRotation rotation;
+        private final int spinx;
+        private final int spiny;
+        private final int spinz;
+        private final boolean preventingDecay;
+        private final boolean debugSmartBore;
+        private final Set<String> excludedStiltMaterials;
+        private final NativeBlockState[] decayed;
+        private final StateFacts[] facts;
+        private final byte[] stiltLayers;
+        private final byte[] stilts;
+        private final NativeBlockState[] stiltDefaults;
+        private IdentityHashMap<NativeBlockState, Object> rotations;
+        private IdentityHashMap<NativeBlockState, StateFacts> editedFacts;
+        private IdentityHashMap<NativeBlockState, Boolean> placedStilts;
 
-            double xAngle = xMode == MODE_ANGLE ? rotation.getXRotation(spinx) : 0;
-            double zAngle = zMode == MODE_ANGLE ? rotation.getZRotation(spinz) : 0;
-            double yAngle = yMode == MODE_ANGLE ? rotation.getYRotation(spiny) : 0;
-            xCos = Math.cos(xAngle);
-            xSin = Math.sin(xAngle);
-            zCos = Math.cos(zAngle);
-            zSin = Math.sin(zAngle);
-            yCos = Math.cos(yAngle);
-            ySin = Math.sin(yAngle);
+        private PlacementStates(NativeBlockState[] palette, IrisObjectRotation rotation, int spinx, int spiny, int spinz,
+                                boolean preventingDecay, boolean debugSmartBore, Set<String> excludedStiltMaterials) {
+            this.palette = palette;
+            this.rotation = rotation;
+            this.spinx = spinx;
+            this.spiny = spiny;
+            this.spinz = spinz;
+            this.preventingDecay = preventingDecay;
+            this.debugSmartBore = debugSmartBore;
+            this.excludedStiltMaterials = excludedStiltMaterials;
+            this.decayed = new NativeBlockState[palette.length];
+            this.facts = new StateFacts[palette.length];
+            this.stiltLayers = new byte[palette.length];
+            this.stilts = new byte[palette.length];
+            this.stiltDefaults = new NativeBlockState[palette.length];
         }
 
-        private static int modeOf(IrisAxisRotationClamp clamp) {
-            if (!clamp.isLocked()) {
-                return MODE_ANGLE;
-            }
-
-            if (Math.abs(clamp.getMax()) % 360D == 180D) {
-                return MODE_FLIP;
-            }
-
-            if (clamp.getMax() % 360D == 90D || clamp.getMax() % 360D == -270D) {
-                return MODE_QUARTER;
-            }
-
-            if (clamp.getMax() == -90D || clamp.getMax() % 360D == 270D) {
-                return MODE_THREE_QUARTER;
-            }
-
-            return MODE_ANGLE;
+        private NativeBlockState source(int entry) {
+            NativeBlockState state = palette[entry];
+            return debugSmartBore && IrisObject.States.vair().equals(state) ? IrisObject.States.vairDebug() : state;
         }
 
-        /**
-         * Rotates in place. Axis order (X, then Z, then Y) is load bearing.
-         */
-        private void rotate(IrisBlockVector v) {
-            if (!rotates) {
-                return;
+        private boolean stiltLayer(int entry) {
+            byte known = stiltLayers[entry];
+            if (known == UNKNOWN) {
+                known = IrisObjectShaping.isStiltLayerBlock(source(entry)) ? YES : NO;
+                stiltLayers[entry] = known;
             }
+            return known == YES;
+        }
 
-            switch (xMode) {
-                case MODE_FLIP -> {
-                    v.setZ(-v.getZ());
-                    v.setY(-v.getY());
-                }
-                case MODE_QUARTER -> {
-                    double z = v.getZ();
-                    v.setZ(v.getY());
-                    v.setY(-z);
-                }
-                case MODE_THREE_QUARTER -> {
-                    double z = v.getZ();
-                    v.setZ(-v.getY());
-                    v.setY(z);
-                }
-                case MODE_ANGLE -> {
-                    double y = xCos * v.getY() - xSin * v.getZ();
-                    double z = xSin * v.getY() + xCos * v.getZ();
-                    v.setY(y);
-                    v.setZ(z);
-                }
-                default -> {
-                }
+        private NativeBlockState decayed(int entry) {
+            NativeBlockState resolved = decayed[entry];
+            if (resolved == null) {
+                NativeBlockState data = source(entry);
+                resolved = preventingDecay && IrisProceduralBlocks.hasProperty(data, "distance")
+                        && "false".equals(IrisProceduralBlocks.propertyValue(data, "persistent"))
+                        ? data.withProperty("persistent", "true") : data;
+                decayed[entry] = resolved;
             }
+            return resolved;
+        }
 
-            switch (zMode) {
-                case MODE_FLIP -> {
-                    v.setY(-v.getY());
-                    v.setX(-v.getX());
-                }
-                case MODE_QUARTER -> {
-                    double y = v.getY();
-                    v.setY(v.getX());
-                    v.setX(-y);
-                }
-                case MODE_THREE_QUARTER -> {
-                    double y = v.getY();
-                    v.setY(-v.getX());
-                    v.setX(y);
-                }
-                case MODE_ANGLE -> {
-                    double x = zCos * v.getX() - zSin * v.getY();
-                    double y = zSin * v.getX() + zCos * v.getY();
-                    v.setX(x);
-                    v.setY(y);
-                }
-                default -> {
-                }
+        private StateFacts facts(int entry) {
+            StateFacts resolved = facts[entry];
+            if (resolved == null) {
+                resolved = computeFacts(decayed(entry));
+                facts[entry] = resolved;
             }
+            return resolved;
+        }
 
-            switch (yMode) {
-                case MODE_FLIP -> {
-                    v.setX(-v.getX());
-                    v.setZ(-v.getZ());
-                }
-                case MODE_QUARTER -> {
-                    double x = v.getX();
-                    v.setX(v.getZ());
-                    v.setZ(-x);
-                }
-                case MODE_THREE_QUARTER -> {
-                    double x = v.getX();
-                    v.setX(-v.getZ());
-                    v.setZ(x);
-                }
-                case MODE_ANGLE -> {
-                    double x = yCos * v.getX() + ySin * v.getZ();
-                    double z = -ySin * v.getX() + yCos * v.getZ();
-                    v.setX(x);
-                    v.setZ(z);
-                }
-                default -> {
-                }
+        private StateFacts factsOf(NativeBlockState state) {
+            if (editedFacts == null) {
+                editedFacts = new IdentityHashMap<>();
             }
+            StateFacts resolved = editedFacts.get(state);
+            if (resolved == null) {
+                resolved = computeFacts(state);
+                editedFacts.put(state, resolved);
+            }
+            return resolved;
+        }
+
+        private StateFacts computeFacts(NativeBlockState state) {
+            NativeBlockState rotated = rotate(state);
+            if (rotated == null) {
+                return StateFacts.ROTATED_AWAY;
+            }
+            boolean waterloggable = IrisProceduralBlocks.hasProperty(rotated, "waterlogged");
+            boolean authored = waterloggable && "true".equals(IrisProceduralBlocks.propertyValue(rotated, "waterlogged"));
+            NativeBlockState dry = waterloggable ? IrisProceduralBlocks.normalizeWaterlogging(rotated, null, false) : rotated;
+            String material = IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(rotated);
+            boolean air = material.equals("minecraft:air") || material.equals("minecraft:cave_air");
+            return new StateFacts(rotated, waterloggable, authored, dry, air);
+        }
+
+        private NativeBlockState rotate(NativeBlockState state) {
+            if (state == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            if (rotations == null) {
+                rotations = new IdentityHashMap<>();
+            }
+            Object memo = rotations.get(state);
+            if (memo == null) {
+                NativeBlockState rotated = rotation.rotate(state, spinx, spiny, spinz);
+                memo = rotated == null ? ROTATED_AWAY : rotated;
+                rotations.put(state, memo);
+            }
+            return memo == ROTATED_AWAY ? null : (NativeBlockState) memo;
+        }
+
+        private boolean shouldStilt(int entry) {
+            byte known = stilts[entry];
+            if (known == UNKNOWN) {
+                known = IrisObjectShaping.shouldStilt(palette[entry], excludedStiltMaterials) ? YES : NO;
+                stilts[entry] = known;
+            }
+            return known == YES;
+        }
+
+        private NativeBlockState stiltDefault(int entry) {
+            NativeBlockState resolved = stiltDefaults[entry];
+            if (resolved == null) {
+                NativeBlockState state = palette[entry];
+                String material = IrisObjectShaping.materialKey(state);
+                resolved = material.equals("minecraft:grass_block") || material.equals("minecraft:mycelium")
+                        || material.equals("minecraft:podzol") || material.equals("minecraft:dirt_path")
+                        ? IrisObject.States.dirt() : state;
+                stiltDefaults[entry] = resolved;
+            }
+            return resolved;
+        }
+
+        private boolean shouldStiltPlaced(NativeBlockState state) {
+            if (placedStilts == null) {
+                placedStilts = new IdentityHashMap<>();
+            }
+            Boolean known = placedStilts.get(state);
+            if (known == null) {
+                known = IrisObjectShaping.shouldStilt(state, excludedStiltMaterials);
+                placedStilts.put(state, known);
+            }
+            return known;
         }
     }
 

core/src/main/java/art/arcane/iris/structure/object/ObjectPlacementBake.java

@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+package art.arcane.iris.structure.object;
+
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.block.TileData;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.block.VectorMap;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.decoration.tree.TreeGrounding;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.geometry.IrisBlockVector;
+import art.arcane.volmlib.nativelib.terrain.NativeBlockState;
+import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.ints.IntArrayList;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+final class ObjectPlacementBake {
+    private static final int MAXIMUM_VARIANTS_PER_OBJECT = 32;
+
+    private final long blocksRevision;
+    private final long statesRevision;
+    private final TreeGrounding grounding;
+    private final int count;
+    private final int[] offsetX;
+    private final int[] offsetY;
+    private final int[] offsetZ;
+    private final int[] layerY;
+    private final short[] paletteIndexes;
+    private final NativeBlockState[] palette;
+    private final int[] tileBlocks;
+    private final TileData[] tileValues;
+    private final long[] canopy;
+    private final Key key;
+    private volatile double[] exact;
+
+    private ObjectPlacementBake(Key key, long blocksRevision, long statesRevision, TreeGrounding grounding, int count,
+                                int[] offsetX, int[] offsetY, int[] offsetZ, int[] layerY, short[] paletteIndexes,
+                                NativeBlockState[] palette, int[] tileBlocks, TileData[] tileValues, long[] canopy) {
+        this.key = key;
+        this.blocksRevision = blocksRevision;
+        this.statesRevision = statesRevision;
+        this.grounding = grounding;
+        this.count = count;
+        this.offsetX = offsetX;
+        this.offsetY = offsetY;
+        this.offsetZ = offsetZ;
+        this.layerY = layerY;
+        this.paletteIndexes = paletteIndexes;
+        this.palette = palette;
+        this.tileBlocks = tileBlocks;
+        this.tileValues = tileValues;
+        this.canopy = canopy;
+    }
+
+    static ObjectPlacementBake of(IrisObject object, SpinKernel spin, boolean ceilingHang, IrisBlockVector translateOffset) {
+        Key key = Key.of(spin, ceilingHang, translateOffset);
+        ConcurrentHashMap<Key, ObjectPlacementBake> variants = object.placementBakes;
+        ObjectPlacementBake cached = variants.get(key);
+        if (cached != null && cached.matches(object)) {
+            return cached;
+        }
+        ObjectPlacementBake built = bake(object, key, spin, ceilingHang, translateOffset);
+        if (built.matches(object)) {
+            if (variants.size() >= MAXIMUM_VARIANTS_PER_OBJECT) {
+                variants.clear();
+            }
+            variants.put(key, built);
+        }
+        return built;
+    }
+
+    private static ObjectPlacementBake bake(IrisObject object, Key key, SpinKernel spin, boolean ceilingHang,
+                                            IrisBlockVector translateOffset) {
+        object.readLock.lock();
+        try {
+            VectorMap<NativeBlockState> blocks = object.blocks;
+            VectorMap<TileData> states = object.states;
+            long blocksRevision = blocks.modificationRevision();
+            long statesRevision = states.modificationRevision();
+            TreeGrounding grounding = object.getTreeGrounding();
+            boolean hasStates = !states.isEmpty();
+            IntArrayList x = new IntArrayList();
+            IntArrayList y = new IntArrayList();
+            IntArrayList z = new IntArrayList();
+            IntArrayList layer = new IntArrayList();
+            IntArrayList indexes = new IntArrayList();
+            IntArrayList tileBlocks = new IntArrayList();
+            List<TileData> tileValues = new ArrayList<>();
+            List<NativeBlockState> palette = new ArrayList<>();
+            IdentityHashMap<NativeBlockState, Integer> paletteSlots = new IdentityHashMap<>();
+            IntArrayList canopyBlocks = new IntArrayList();
+            boolean layerDiffers = false;
+            IrisBlockVector rotated = new IrisBlockVector(0, 0, 0);
+            VectorMap<NativeBlockState>.Cursor cursor = blocks.cursor();
+            int index = 0;
+            while (cursor.next()) {
+                IrisBlockVector source = cursor.key();
+                NativeBlockState state = cursor.value();
+                if (state == null) {
+                    state = IrisObject.States.air();
+                }
+                transform(source, rotated, spin, ceilingHang, translateOffset);
+                int roundedY = (int) Math.round(rotated.getY());
+                int floorY = rotated.getBlockY();
+                x.add((int) Math.round(rotated.getX()));
+                y.add(roundedY);
+                z.add((int) Math.round(rotated.getZ()));
+                layer.add(floorY);
+                layerDiffers |= floorY != roundedY;
+                Integer slot = paletteSlots.get(state);
+                if (slot == null) {
+                    slot = palette.size();
+                    palette.add(state);
+                    paletteSlots.put(state, slot);
+                }
+                indexes.add(slot);
+                if (hasStates) {
+                    TileData tile = states.get(source);
+                    if (tile != null) {
+                        tileBlocks.add(index);
+                        tileValues.add(tile);
+                    }
+                }
+                if (grounding != null && grounding.isCanopy(source.getBlockX(), source.getBlockY(), source.getBlockZ())) {
+                    canopyBlocks.add(index);
+                }
+                index++;
+            }
+            if (palette.size() > Short.MAX_VALUE) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Object " + object.getLoadKey() + " has more than "
+                        + Short.MAX_VALUE + " distinct block states");
+            }
+            short[] paletteIndexes = new short[index];
+            for (int block = 0; block < index; block++) {
+                paletteIndexes[block] = (short) indexes.getInt(block);
+            }
+            long[] canopy = null;
+            if (!canopyBlocks.isEmpty()) {
+                canopy = new long[(index + 63) >>> 6];
+                for (int block : canopyBlocks) {
+                    canopy[block >>> 6] |= 1L << (block & 63);
+                }
+            }
+            return new ObjectPlacementBake(key, blocksRevision, statesRevision, grounding, index,
+                    x.toIntArray(), y.toIntArray(), z.toIntArray(), layerDiffers ? layer.toIntArray() : null,
+                    paletteIndexes, palette.toArray(new NativeBlockState[0]),
+                    tileBlocks.isEmpty() ? null : tileBlocks.toIntArray(),
+                    tileValues.isEmpty() ? null : tileValues.toArray(new TileData[0]), canopy);
+        } finally {
+            object.readLock.unlock();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void transform(IrisBlockVector source, IrisBlockVector target, SpinKernel spin, boolean ceilingHang,
+                                  IrisBlockVector translateOffset) {
+        target.setX(source.getX());
+        target.setY(source.getY());
+        target.setZ(source.getZ());
+        spin.rotate(target);
+        if (ceilingHang) {
+            target.setY(-target.getBlockY());
+        }
+        if (translateOffset != null) {
+            target.add(translateOffset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    boolean matches(IrisObject object) {
+        return object.blocks.modificationRevision() == blocksRevision
+                && object.states.modificationRevision() == statesRevision
+                && object.getTreeGrounding() == grounding;
+    }
+
+    int count() {
+        return count;
+    }
+
+    int offsetX(int index) {
+        return offsetX[index];
+    }
+
+    int offsetY(int index) {
+        return offsetY[index];
+    }
+
+    int offsetZ(int index) {
+        return offsetZ[index];
+    }
+
+    int layerY(int index) {
+        return layerY == null ? offsetY[index] : layerY[index];
+    }
+
+    int paletteIndex(int index) {
+        return paletteIndexes[index];
+    }
+
+    NativeBlockState[] palette() {
+        return palette;
+    }
+
+    int[] tileBlocks() {
+        return tileBlocks;
+    }
+
+    TileData[] tileValues() {
+        return tileValues;
+    }
+
+    boolean canopy(int index) {
+        return canopy != null && (canopy[index >>> 6] & (1L << (index & 63))) != 0L;
+    }
+
+    double[] exact(IrisObject object, SpinKernel spin) {
+        double[] resolved = exact;
+        if (resolved != null) {
+            return resolved;
+        }
+        object.readLock.lock();
+        try {
+            resolved = new double[count * 3];
+            IrisBlockVector rotated = new IrisBlockVector(0, 0, 0);
+            VectorMap<NativeBlockState>.Cursor cursor = object.blocks.cursor();
+            int index = 0;
+            while (cursor.next() && index < count) {
+                transform(cursor.key(), rotated, spin, key.ceilingHang(), key.translateOffset());
+                resolved[index * 3] = rotated.getX();
+                resolved[index * 3 + 1] = rotated.getY();
+                resolved[index * 3 + 2] = rotated.getZ();
+                index++;
+            }
+            if (index != count) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Object " + object.getLoadKey() + " changed while its placement bake was read");
+            }
+        } finally {
+            object.readLock.unlock();
+        }
+        exact = resolved;
+        return resolved;
+    }
+
+    record Key(boolean rotates, int xMode, int yMode, int zMode, long xCos, long xSin, long yCos, long ySin,
+               long zCos, long zSin, boolean ceilingHang, boolean translating, long translateX, long translateY,
+               long translateZ) {
+        static Key of(SpinKernel spin, boolean ceilingHang, IrisBlockVector translateOffset) {
+            boolean translating = translateOffset != null;
+            return new Key(spin.rotates, spin.xMode, spin.yMode, spin.zMode,
+                    Double.doubleToLongBits(spin.xCos), Double.doubleToLongBits(spin.xSin),
+                    Double.doubleToLongBits(spin.yCos), Double.doubleToLongBits(spin.ySin),
+                    Double.doubleToLongBits(spin.zCos), Double.doubleToLongBits(spin.zSin), ceilingHang, translating,
+                    translating ? Double.doubleToLongBits(translateOffset.getX()) : 0L,
+                    translating ? Double.doubleToLongBits(translateOffset.getY()) : 0L,
+                    translating ? Double.doubleToLongBits(translateOffset.getZ()) : 0L);
+        }
+
+        IrisBlockVector translateOffset() {
+            return translating ? new IrisBlockVector(Double.longBitsToDouble(translateX),
+                    Double.longBitsToDouble(translateY), Double.longBitsToDouble(translateZ)) : null;
+        }
+    }
+}

core/src/main/java/art/arcane/iris/structure/object/SpinKernel.java

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+package art.arcane.iris.structure.object;
+
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.geometry.IrisBlockVector;
+
+/**
+ * Precomputed vector rotation for a single placement.
+ * <p>
+ * This mirrors {@link IrisObjectRotation#rotate(IrisBlockVector, int, int, int)} branch for branch, with two
+ * differences: it mutates the vector handed to it instead of cloning, and the per-axis angle plus its cosine
+ * and sine are resolved once instead of once per block. The angle is a pure function of the axis clamp and the
+ * spin, both fixed for the placement, and Math.cos/Math.sin are pure, so every produced double is identical to
+ * the value the per-call form would have produced.
+ */
+final class SpinKernel {
+    static final int MODE_NONE = 0;
+    static final int MODE_FLIP = 1;
+    static final int MODE_QUARTER = 2;
+    static final int MODE_THREE_QUARTER = 3;
+    static final int MODE_ANGLE = 4;
+
+    final boolean rotates;
+    final int xMode;
+    final int yMode;
+    final int zMode;
+    final double xCos;
+    final double xSin;
+    final double yCos;
+    final double ySin;
+    final double zCos;
+    final double zSin;
+
+    SpinKernel(IrisObjectRotation rotation, int spinx, int spiny, int spinz) {
+        rotates = rotation.canRotate();
+        xMode = rotation.canRotateX() ? modeOf(rotation.getXAxis()) : MODE_NONE;
+        zMode = rotation.canRotateZ() ? modeOf(rotation.getZAxis()) : MODE_NONE;
+        yMode = rotation.canRotateY() ? modeOf(rotation.getYAxis()) : MODE_NONE;
+
+        double xAngle = xMode == MODE_ANGLE ? rotation.getXRotation(spinx) : 0;
+        double zAngle = zMode == MODE_ANGLE ? rotation.getZRotation(spinz) : 0;
+        double yAngle = yMode == MODE_ANGLE ? rotation.getYRotation(spiny) : 0;
+        xCos = Math.cos(xAngle);
+        xSin = Math.sin(xAngle);
+        zCos = Math.cos(zAngle);
+        zSin = Math.sin(zAngle);
+        yCos = Math.cos(yAngle);
+        ySin = Math.sin(yAngle);
+    }
+
+    private static int modeOf(IrisAxisRotationClamp clamp) {
+        if (!clamp.isLocked()) {
+            return MODE_ANGLE;
+        }
+
+        if (Math.abs(clamp.getMax()) % 360D == 180D) {
+            return MODE_FLIP;
+        }
+
+        if (clamp.getMax() % 360D == 90D || clamp.getMax() % 360D == -270D) {
+            return MODE_QUARTER;
+        }
+
+        if (clamp.getMax() == -90D || clamp.getMax() % 360D == 270D) {
+            return MODE_THREE_QUARTER;
+        }
+
+        return MODE_ANGLE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Rotates in place. Axis order (X, then Z, then Y) is load bearing.
+     */
+    void rotate(IrisBlockVector v) {
+        if (!rotates) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        switch (xMode) {
+            case MODE_FLIP -> {
+                v.setZ(-v.getZ());
+                v.setY(-v.getY());
+            }
+            case MODE_QUARTER -> {
+                double z = v.getZ();
+                v.setZ(v.getY());
+                v.setY(-z);
+            }
+            case MODE_THREE_QUARTER -> {
+                double z = v.getZ();
+                v.setZ(-v.getY());
+                v.setY(z);
+            }
+            case MODE_ANGLE -> {
+                double y = xCos * v.getY() - xSin * v.getZ();
+                double z = xSin * v.getY() + xCos * v.getZ();
+                v.setY(y);
+                v.setZ(z);
+            }
+            default -> {
+            }
+        }
+
+        switch (zMode) {
+            case MODE_FLIP -> {
+                v.setY(-v.getY());
+                v.setX(-v.getX());
+            }
+            case MODE_QUARTER -> {
+                double y = v.getY();
+                v.setY(v.getX());
+                v.setX(-y);
+            }
+            case MODE_THREE_QUARTER -> {
+                double y = v.getY();
+                v.setY(-v.getX());
+                v.setX(y);
+            }
+            case MODE_ANGLE -> {
+                double x = zCos * v.getX() - zSin * v.getY();
+                double y = zSin * v.getX() + zCos * v.getY();
+                v.setX(x);
+                v.setY(y);
+            }
+            default -> {
+            }
+        }
+
+        switch (yMode) {
+            case MODE_FLIP -> {
+                v.setX(-v.getX());
+                v.setZ(-v.getZ());
+            }
+            case MODE_QUARTER -> {
+                double x = v.getX();
+                v.setX(v.getZ());
+                v.setZ(-x);
+            }
+            case MODE_THREE_QUARTER -> {
+                double x = v.getX();
+                v.setX(-v.getZ());
+                v.setZ(x);
+            }
+            case MODE_ANGLE -> {
+                double x = yCos * v.getX() + ySin * v.getZ();
+                double z = -ySin * v.getX() + yCos * v.getZ();
+                v.setX(x);
+                v.setZ(z);
+            }
+            default -> {
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

core/src/test/java/art/arcane/iris/generation/mantle/MutationLogTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package art.arcane.iris.generation.mantle;
+
+import art.arcane.iris.testsupport.KeyedBlockState;
+import art.arcane.volmlib.nativelib.terrain.NativeBlockState;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertSame;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
+public class MutationLogTest {
+    @Test
+    public void logKeepsPositionsValuesAndFlagsInOrder() {
+        NativeBlockState state = new KeyedBlockState("minecraft:stone");
+        MutationLog log = MutationLog.of(List.of(
+                new ObjectDestinationTransaction.SetMutation(new ObjectDestinationTransaction.DataKey(3, 70, -2, String.class), "marker", true),
+                new ObjectDestinationTransaction.CustomBlockMutation(new ObjectDestinationTransaction.DataKey(-17, 4, 40, NativeBlockState.class), state, false)));
+        for (int index = 0; index < 100; index++) {
+            log.add(index, index + 1, -index, "grow" + index, (index & 1) == 0, (index & 2) == 0);
+        }
+
+        assertEquals(102, log.size());
+        assertEquals(3, log.x(0));
+        assertEquals(70, log.y(0));
+        assertEquals(-2, log.z(0));
+        assertEquals("marker", log.value(0));
+        assertFalse(log.custom(0));
+        assertTrue(log.canopy(0));
+        assertSame(String.class, log.type(0));
+        assertSame(state, log.value(1));
+        assertTrue(log.custom(1));
+        assertFalse(log.canopy(1));
+        assertSame(NativeBlockState.class, log.type(1));
+        assertEquals(99, log.x(101));
+        assertEquals("grow99", log.value(101));
+        assertFalse(log.custom(101));
+        assertTrue(log.canopy(98));
+        assertFalse(log.canopy(100));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void mismatchedMutationTypesAreRejected() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> MutationLog.of(List.of(
+                new ObjectDestinationTransaction.SetMutation(new ObjectDestinationTransaction.DataKey(0, 4, 0, Integer.class), "text", false))));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void planSlicesMatchThePlanBuiltFromTheSameMutations() {
+        MutationLog log = new MutationLog();
+        List<ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation> tail = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int index = 0; index < 64; index++) {
+            int x = (index * 7) - 30;
+            int y = 4 + index;
+            int z = (index * 5) - 20;
+            String value = "value" + (index % 9);
+            boolean canopy = index % 4 == 0;
+            log.add(x, y, z, value, false, canopy);
+            if (index >= 10) {
+                tail.add(new ObjectDestinationTransaction.SetMutation(new ObjectDestinationTransaction.DataKey(x, y, z, String.class), value, canopy));
+            }
+        }
+        ObjectSourcePlan sliced = new ObjectSourcePlan(log, 10, List.of());
+        ObjectSourcePlan expected = new ObjectSourcePlan(tail);
+
+        assertEquals(expected.destinationCount(), sliced.destinationCount());
+        int total = 0;
+        for (int chunkX = -3; chunkX <= 30; chunkX++) {
+            for (int chunkZ = -3; chunkZ <= 30; chunkZ++) {
+                List<ObjectDestinationTransaction.Mutation> mutations = sliced.mutationsFor(chunkX, chunkZ);
+                assertEquals(expected.mutationsFor(chunkX, chunkZ), mutations);
+                total += mutations.size();
+            }
+        }
+        assertEquals(54, total);
+    }
+}

core/src/test/java/art/arcane/iris/generation/mantle/ObjectSourcePlanCacheTest.java

@@ -163,6 +163,44 @@ public class ObjectSourcePlanCacheTest {
         }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void tryAcquireReportsBusySourcesWithoutConsumingThem() throws Exception {
+        ObjectSourcePlanCache cache = new ObjectSourcePlanCache(1024L * 1024L);
+        ObjectSourcePlan plan = planTouching(new int[]{0, 0}, new int[]{1, 0});
+        CountDownLatch entered = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        CountDownLatch release = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        AtomicInteger builds = new AtomicInteger();
+        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
+        try {
+            Future<ObjectSourcePlan> owner = executor.submit(() -> cache.acquire(0, 0, 0, 0, 7, () -> {
+                builds.incrementAndGet();
+                entered.countDown();
+                await(release);
+                return plan;
+            }));
+            assertTrue(entered.await(5L, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+
+            assertSame(ObjectSourcePlanCache.BUSY, cache.tryAcquire(0, 0, 1, 0, 7, () -> {
+                builds.incrementAndGet();
+                return plan;
+            }));
+            ObjectSourcePlan unrelated = planTouching(new int[]{5, 5});
+            assertSame(unrelated, cache.tryAcquire(5, 5, 5, 5, 7, () -> unrelated));
+            release.countDown();
+            assertSame(plan, owner.get(5L, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+
+            assertSame(plan, cache.tryAcquire(0, 0, 1, 0, 7, () -> {
+                builds.incrementAndGet();
+                return plan;
+            }));
+            assertEquals(1, builds.get());
+            assertEquals(2L, cache.stats().drained());
+        } finally {
+            release.countDown();
+            executor.shutdownNow();
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void concurrentDestinationsShareOneSourceBuild() throws Exception {
         ObjectSourcePlanCache cache = new ObjectSourcePlanCache(1024L * 1024L);

core/src/test/java/art/arcane/iris/structure/object/IrisObjectPlacementRunnerRegressionTest.java

@@ -791,7 +791,7 @@ public class IrisObjectPlacementRunnerRegressionTest {
 
                     object.place(0, ANCHOR_Y, 0, placer, placement, new RNG(2L), data);
 
-                    assertEquals(1, placer.blockReads);
+                    assertEquals(enabled || authored ? 1 : 0, placer.blockReads);
                     assertEquals(1, placer.writes().size());
                     assertSame(submerged && (enabled || authored) ? wet : dry,
                             placer.writes().get(0).state());

core/src/test/java/art/arcane/iris/structure/object/ObjectPlacementBakeTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package art.arcane.iris.structure.object;
+
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.geometry.IrisBlockVector;
+import art.arcane.iris.testsupport.KeyedBlockState;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotSame;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertSame;
+
+public class ObjectPlacementBakeTest {
+    @Test
+    public void spinsResolvingToTheSameKernelShareOneBake() {
+        IrisObject object = object();
+        IrisObjectRotation rotation = new IrisObjectRotation();
+
+        ObjectPlacementBake first = ObjectPlacementBake.of(object, new SpinKernel(rotation, 0, 10, 0), false, null);
+        ObjectPlacementBake second = ObjectPlacementBake.of(object, new SpinKernel(rotation, 3, 80, 9), false, null);
+        ObjectPlacementBake turned = ObjectPlacementBake.of(object, new SpinKernel(rotation, 0, 100, 0), false, null);
+
+        assertSame(first, second);
+        assertNotSame(first, turned);
+        assertEquals(3, first.count());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void bakedOffsetsMatchTheKernelTransformInCursorOrder() {
+        IrisObject object = object();
+        IrisObjectRotation rotation = IrisObjectRotation.of(0D, 90D, 0D);
+        SpinKernel spin = new SpinKernel(rotation, 0, 0, 0);
+        IrisBlockVector translate = new IrisBlockVector(1.5D, -2D, 0.25D);
+
+        ObjectPlacementBake bake = ObjectPlacementBake.of(object, spin, true, translate);
+        double[] exact = bake.exact(object, spin);
+
+        int index = 0;
+        for (IrisBlockVector source : object.getBlocks().keys()) {
+            IrisBlockVector expected = source.clone();
+            spin.rotate(expected);
+            expected.setY(-expected.getBlockY());
+            expected.add(translate);
+            assertEquals((int) Math.round(expected.getX()), bake.offsetX(index));
+            assertEquals((int) Math.round(expected.getY()), bake.offsetY(index));
+            assertEquals((int) Math.round(expected.getZ()), bake.offsetZ(index));
+            assertEquals(expected.getBlockY(), bake.layerY(index));
+            assertEquals(expected.getX(), exact[index * 3], 0D);
+            assertEquals(expected.getY(), exact[index * 3 + 1], 0D);
+            assertEquals(expected.getZ(), exact[index * 3 + 2], 0D);
+            index++;
+        }
+        assertEquals(bake.count(), index);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void editedObjectsRebake() {
+        IrisObject object = object();
+        SpinKernel spin = new SpinKernel(new IrisObjectRotation(), 0, 0, 0);
+        ObjectPlacementBake before = ObjectPlacementBake.of(object, spin, false, null);
+
+        object.getBlocks().put(new IrisBlockVector(1, 1, 1), new KeyedBlockState("minecraft:dirt"));
+        ObjectPlacementBake after = ObjectPlacementBake.of(object, spin, false, null);
+
+        assertNotSame(before, after);
+        assertEquals(4, after.count());
+        assertSame(after, ObjectPlacementBake.of(object, spin, false, null));
+    }
+
+    private static IrisObject object() {
+        IrisObject object = new IrisObject(5, 5, 5);
+        KeyedBlockState stone = new KeyedBlockState("minecraft:stone");
+        object.getBlocks().put(new IrisBlockVector(-2, 0, 1), stone);
+        object.getBlocks().put(new IrisBlockVector(0, -1, 2), stone);
+        object.getBlocks().put(new IrisBlockVector(2, 2, -2), new KeyedBlockState("minecraft:oak_log[axis=y]"));
+        return object;
+    }
+}

core/src/test/java/art/arcane/iris/structure/object/ObjectPlacementGoldenTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,761 @@
+package art.arcane.iris.structure.object;
+
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.block.BlockDataMergeSupport;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.block.IrisBlockData;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.block.TileData;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.cave.CarvingMode;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.decoration.IrisStiltSettings;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.decoration.IrisVacuumSettings;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.decoration.tree.TreeBlockCanvas;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.decoration.tree.TreeGrounding;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.geometry.IrisBlockVector;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.noise.IrisGeneratorStyle;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.noise.NoiseStyle;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.runtime.Engine;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.runtime.IrisComplex;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.terrain.IrisDimension;
+import art.arcane.iris.generation.terrain.IrisMaterialPalette;
+import art.arcane.iris.pack.loading.IrisData;
+import art.arcane.iris.pack.loading.ResourceLoader;
+import art.arcane.iris.pack.validation.ContentGate;
+import art.arcane.iris.spi.IrisPlatform;
+import art.arcane.iris.spi.IrisPlatforms;
+import art.arcane.iris.spi.PlatformRegistries;
+import art.arcane.iris.testsupport.PlatformLeakGuard;
+import art.arcane.iris.world.entity.IrisMarker;
+import art.arcane.volmlib.nativelib.terrain.NativeBlockState;
+import art.arcane.volmlib.util.collection.KList;
+import art.arcane.volmlib.util.collection.KMap;
+import art.arcane.volmlib.util.math.BlockPosition;
+import art.arcane.volmlib.util.math.RNG;
+import art.arcane.volmlib.util.matter.MatterMarker;
+import art.arcane.volmlib.util.stream.ProceduralStream;
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.ClassRule;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyBoolean;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyDouble;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.withSettings;
+
+public class ObjectPlacementGoldenTest {
+    @ClassRule
+    public static final PlatformLeakGuard PLATFORM_GUARD = PlatformLeakGuard.clean();
+
+    private static final int OBJECTS = 200;
+    private static final int SEEDS = 5;
+    private static final long GOLDEN = 0x408f9d4113015897L;
+    private static final long MARKER_GOLDEN = 0x60b4bbf1144b239cL;
+
+    private static final List<String> PALETTE = List.of(
+            "minecraft:stone",
+            "minecraft:dirt",
+            "minecraft:grass_block[snowy=false]",
+            "minecraft:oak_log[axis=y]",
+            "minecraft:oak_log[axis=x]",
+            "minecraft:oak_leaves[distance=3,persistent=false,waterlogged=false]",
+            "minecraft:oak_leaves[distance=1,persistent=true,waterlogged=false]",
+            "minecraft:oak_leaves[distance=7,persistent=false,waterlogged=true]",
+            "minecraft:oak_stairs[facing=north,half=bottom,waterlogged=false]",
+            "minecraft:oak_stairs[facing=east,half=top,waterlogged=true]",
+            "minecraft:vine[east=false,north=true,south=false,up=false,west=false]",
+            "minecraft:air",
+            "minecraft:cave_air",
+            "minecraft:chest[facing=south,waterlogged=false]",
+            "minecraft:lantern[hanging=false,waterlogged=false]",
+            "minecraft:cobblestone",
+            "minecraft:glass",
+            "minecraft:oak_slab[type=bottom,waterlogged=false]");
+
+    private final Map<String, GoldenState> states = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+    private IrisData data;
+    private IrisData objectData;
+    private Engine engine;
+    private IrisObjectRotation.StateRotator previousRotator;
+    private BlockDataMergeSupport.StateMerger previousMerger;
+
+    @Before
+    public void bindPlatform() {
+        IrisPlatforms.unbind();
+        PlatformRegistries registries = mock(PlatformRegistries.class, withSettings().stubOnly());
+        when(registries.block(anyString())).thenAnswer(invocation -> state(invocation.getArgument(0)));
+        when(registries.blockOrNull(anyString())).thenAnswer(invocation -> state(invocation.getArgument(0)));
+        when(registries.blockOrNull(anyString(), anyBoolean())).thenAnswer(invocation -> state(invocation.getArgument(0)));
+        when(registries.air()).thenAnswer(invocation -> state("minecraft:air"));
+        IrisPlatform platform = mock(IrisPlatform.class, withSettings().stubOnly());
+        when(platform.registries()).thenReturn(registries);
+        IrisPlatforms.bind(platform);
+        previousRotator = IrisObjectRotation.bindPlatformRotator(ObjectPlacementGoldenTest::rotateState);
+        previousMerger = BlockDataMergeSupport.bindPlatformMerger(this::mergeStates);
+
+        ProceduralStream<NativeBlockState> rock = mock(ProceduralStream.class, withSettings().stubOnly());
+        when(rock.get(anyDouble(), anyDouble())).thenAnswer(invocation -> state("minecraft:stone"));
+        IrisComplex complex = mock(IrisComplex.class, withSettings().stubOnly());
+        when(complex.getRockStream()).thenReturn(rock);
+        IrisDimension dimension = mock(IrisDimension.class, withSettings().stubOnly());
+        engine = mock(Engine.class, withSettings().stubOnly());
+        when(engine.getHeight()).thenReturn(256);
+        when(engine.getMinHeight()).thenReturn(0);
+        when(engine.getComplex()).thenReturn(complex);
+        when(engine.getDimension()).thenReturn(dimension);
+        ContentGate gate = mock(ContentGate.class, withSettings().stubOnly());
+        when(gate.ready()).thenReturn(false);
+        data = mock(IrisData.class, withSettings().stubOnly());
+        when(data.getEngine()).thenReturn(engine);
+        when(data.getContentGate()).thenReturn(gate);
+        objectData = mock(IrisData.class, withSettings().stubOnly());
+        when(objectData.getContentGate()).thenReturn(gate);
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void unbindPlatform() {
+        IrisObjectRotation.restorePlatformRotator(previousRotator);
+        BlockDataMergeSupport.restorePlatformMerger(previousMerger);
+        IrisPlatforms.unbind();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void placementsMatchTheRecordedBlockStream() throws IOException {
+        Random random = new Random(20261021L);
+        List<IrisObjectRotation> rotations = rotations();
+        long combined = 17L;
+        StringBuilder dump = new StringBuilder();
+        for (int index = 0; index < OBJECTS; index++) {
+            IrisObject object = randomObject(random, index);
+            object.setLoader(objectData);
+            IrisObjectPlacement base = randomPlacement(random);
+            for (int rotationIndex = 0; rotationIndex < rotations.size(); rotationIndex++) {
+                IrisObjectPlacement placement = base.toPlacement("golden");
+                placement.setRotation(rotations.get(rotationIndex));
+                boolean explicitY = (index + rotationIndex) % 3 == 0;
+                for (int seed = 0; seed < SEEDS; seed++) {
+                    RNG rng = new RNG(index * 1_000_003L + rotationIndex * 7919L + seed);
+                    GoldenPlacer placer = new GoldenPlacer(engine, (index & 1) == 0);
+                    List<String> listened = new ArrayList<>();
+                    int x = 400 + index * 3 + seed;
+                    int z = -900 + rotationIndex * 5 - seed;
+                    int y = explicitY ? 90 + seed : -1;
+                    int result;
+                    if (placement.getMode() == ObjectPlaceMode.ORGANIC_STILT && explicitY && seed % 2 == 0) {
+                        result = object.placeOnFloor(x, 70, z, placer, placement, rng,
+                                (position, state) -> listened.add(position.getX() + "," + position.getY() + "," + position.getZ() + "=" + state.key()),
+                                data);
+                    } else {
+                        result = object.place(x, y, z, placer, placement, rng,
+                                (position, state) -> listened.add(position.getX() + "," + position.getY() + "," + position.getZ() + "=" + state.key()),
+                                null, data);
+                    }
+                    long hash = placer.hash;
+                    hash = mix(hash, result);
+                    hash = mix(hash, rng.nextLong());
+                    for (String entry : listened) {
+                        hash = mix(hash, entry.hashCode());
+                    }
+                    hash = mix(hash, listened.size());
+                    combined = mix(combined, hash);
+                    dump.append(index).append(' ').append(rotationIndex).append(' ').append(seed).append(' ')
+                            .append(Long.toHexString(hash)).append(' ').append(placer.writes).append('\n');
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        String dumpPath = System.getenv("IRIS_OBJECT_GOLDEN_DUMP");
+        if (dumpPath != null && !dumpPath.isBlank()) {
+            Files.writeString(Path.of(dumpPath), dump.toString());
+        }
+        assertEquals(Long.toHexString(GOLDEN), Long.toHexString(combined));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void markedPlacementsMatchTheRecordedBlockStream() {
+        ResourceLoader<IrisMarker> markers = mock(ResourceLoader.class, withSettings().stubOnly());
+        IrisMarker anywhere = new IrisMarker();
+        anywhere.setEmptyAbove(false);
+        when(markers.load("anywhere")).thenReturn(anywhere);
+        when(markers.load("open")).thenReturn(new IrisMarker());
+        when(objectData.getMarkerLoader()).thenReturn(markers);
+        Random random = new Random(77L);
+        List<IrisObjectRotation> rotations = rotations();
+        long combined = 23L;
+        int markerWrites = 0;
+        for (int index = 0; index < 40; index++) {
+            IrisObject object = randomObject(random, index);
+            object.setLoader(objectData);
+            IrisObjectPlacement base = new IrisObjectPlacement();
+            base.setMode(ObjectPlaceMode.STRUCTURE_PIECE);
+            base.setRequireSurfaceSupport(false);
+            IrisObjectMarker loose = new IrisObjectMarker();
+            loose.setMarker("anywhere");
+            loose.setMaximumMarkers(1 + random.nextInt(6));
+            loose.setMark(new KList<>(new IrisBlockData("minecraft:stone"), new IrisBlockData("minecraft:oak_leaves")));
+            IrisObjectMarker exact = new IrisObjectMarker();
+            exact.setMarker("open");
+            exact.setExact(true);
+            exact.setMark(new KList<>(new IrisBlockData("minecraft:oak_log[axis=y]")));
+            base.setMarkers(new KList<>(loose, exact));
+            for (int rotationIndex = 0; rotationIndex < rotations.size(); rotationIndex++) {
+                IrisObjectPlacement placement = base.toPlacement("marked");
+                placement.setRotation(rotations.get(rotationIndex));
+                for (int seed = 0; seed < 3; seed++) {
+                    RNG rng = new RNG(index * 31L + rotationIndex * 7L + seed);
+                    GoldenPlacer placer = new GoldenPlacer(engine, false);
+                    int result = object.place(100 + index, 80 + seed, 200 - index, placer, placement, rng, null, null, data);
+                    long hash = mix(placer.hash, result);
+                    hash = mix(hash, rng.nextLong());
+                    combined = mix(combined, hash);
+                    markerWrites += placer.markerWrites;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        assertTrue(markerWrites > 100);
+        assertEquals(Long.toHexString(MARKER_GOLDEN), Long.toHexString(combined));
+    }
+
+    private static long mix(long hash, long value) {
+        long mixed = (hash ^ value) * 0x9E3779B97F4A7C15L;
+        return mixed ^ (mixed >>> 29);
+    }
+
+    private List<IrisObjectRotation> rotations() {
+        IrisObjectRotation defaultY = new IrisObjectRotation();
+        IrisObjectRotation lockedQuarter = IrisObjectRotation.of(0D, 90D, 0D);
+        IrisObjectRotation flipped = rotation(new IrisAxisRotationClamp(true, true, 180D, 180D, 0D),
+                new IrisAxisRotationClamp(true, false, 0D, 0D, 90D), new IrisAxisRotationClamp());
+        IrisObjectRotation angled = rotation(new IrisAxisRotationClamp(true, false, 0D, 0D, 90D),
+                new IrisAxisRotationClamp(true, false, 0D, 0D, 45D), new IrisAxisRotationClamp(true, false, 0D, 0D, 90D));
+        return List.of(defaultY, lockedQuarter, flipped, angled);
+    }
+
+    private IrisObjectPlacement randomPlacement(Random random) {
+        IrisObjectPlacement placement = new IrisObjectPlacement();
+        List<ObjectPlaceMode> modes = List.of(ObjectPlaceMode.CENTER_HEIGHT, ObjectPlaceMode.CENTER_HEIGHT,
+                ObjectPlaceMode.CENTER_HEIGHT, ObjectPlaceMode.STILT, ObjectPlaceMode.FAST_STILT,
+                ObjectPlaceMode.CENTER_STILT, ObjectPlaceMode.ERODE_STILT, ObjectPlaceMode.ORGANIC_STILT,
+                ObjectPlaceMode.CEILING_HANG, ObjectPlaceMode.MAX_HEIGHT, ObjectPlaceMode.FAST_MAX_HEIGHT,
+                ObjectPlaceMode.MIN_HEIGHT, ObjectPlaceMode.PAINT, ObjectPlaceMode.VACUUM, ObjectPlaceMode.VACUUM_ORGANIC,
+                ObjectPlaceMode.STRUCTURE_PIECE, ObjectPlaceMode.FLOATING, ObjectPlaceMode.FAST_MIN_STILT);
+        placement.setMode(modes.get(random.nextInt(modes.size())));
+        if (random.nextInt(4) == 0) {
+            placement.setTranslate(new IrisObjectTranslate()
+                    .setX(random.nextInt(7) - 3)
+                    .setY(random.nextInt(5) - 2)
+                    .setZ(random.nextInt(7) - 3)
+                    .setYRandom(random.nextInt(3) - 1));
+        }
+        if (random.nextInt(6) == 0) {
+            placement.setWarp(new IrisGeneratorStyle(NoiseStyle.SIMPLEX).setMultiplier(1D + random.nextInt(4)));
+        }
+        if (random.nextInt(3) == 0) {
+            placement.setEdit(randomEdits(random));
+        }
+        if (random.nextInt(4) == 0) {
+            placement.setStiltSettings(new IrisStiltSettings());
+        }
+        if (random.nextInt(5) == 0) {
+            placement.setVacuumSettings(new IrisVacuumSettings().setRadius(1 + random.nextInt(4)));
+        }
+        placement.setWaterloggable(random.nextInt(4) == 0);
+        placement.setUnderwater(random.nextInt(8) == 0);
+        placement.setOnwater(random.nextInt(10) == 0);
+        placement.setMeld(random.nextInt(8) == 0);
+        placement.setBore(random.nextInt(10) == 0);
+        placement.setForcePlace(random.nextInt(3) == 0);
+        placement.setBottom(random.nextInt(6) == 0);
+        placement.setSnow(random.nextInt(5) == 0 ? 0.7D : 0D);
+        placement.setRequireSurfaceSupport(random.nextInt(3) != 0);
+        placement.setSurfaceSupportBuffer(random.nextInt(3));
+        placement.setSurfaceSupportDepth(1 + random.nextInt(2));
+        placement.setCarvingSupport(switch (random.nextInt(5)) {
+            case 0 -> CarvingMode.ANYWHERE;
+            case 1 -> CarvingMode.CARVING_ONLY;
+            default -> CarvingMode.SURFACE_ONLY;
+        });
+        return placement;
+    }
+
+    private KList<IrisObjectReplace> randomEdits(Random random) {
+        KList<IrisObjectReplace> edits = new KList<>();
+        int count = 1 + random.nextInt(3);
+        for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+            IrisObjectReplace replace = new IrisObjectReplace();
+            switch (random.nextInt(4)) {
+                case 0 -> {
+                    replace.setFind(new KList<>(new IrisBlockData("minecraft:oak_leaves")));
+                    replace.setReplace(palette("minecraft:cobblestone"));
+                }
+                case 1 -> {
+                    replace.setFind(new KList<>(new IrisBlockData("minecraft:oak_stairs")));
+                    replace.setReplace(palette("minecraft:oak_stairs[half=top]"));
+                }
+                case 2 -> {
+                    replace.setExact(true);
+                    replace.setFind(new KList<>(new IrisBlockData("minecraft:stone")));
+                    replace.setReplace(palette("minecraft:glass"));
+                }
+                default -> {
+                    replace.setFind(new KList<>(new IrisBlockData("minecraft:grass_block"), new IrisBlockData("minecraft:dirt")));
+                    replace.setReplace(palette("minecraft:oak_leaves[distance=2,persistent=false,waterlogged=false]"));
+                }
+            }
+            replace.setChance(switch (random.nextInt(3)) {
+                case 0 -> 1F;
+                case 1 -> 0.5F;
+                default -> 0.15F;
+            });
+            edits.add(replace);
+        }
+        return edits;
+    }
+
+    private static IrisMaterialPalette palette(String key) {
+        IrisMaterialPalette palette = new IrisMaterialPalette();
+        palette.setPalette(new KList<>(new IrisBlockData(key)));
+        return palette;
+    }
+
+    private IrisObject randomObject(Random random, int index) {
+        int width = 1 + random.nextInt(9);
+        int height = 1 + random.nextInt(9);
+        int depth = 1 + random.nextInt(9);
+        IrisObject object = new IrisObject(width, height, depth);
+        int count = 1 + random.nextInt(Math.max(1, (width * height * depth) / 2));
+        List<IrisBlockVector> placed = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int block = 0; block < count; block++) {
+            int x = random.nextInt(width) - (width / 2);
+            int y = random.nextInt(height) - (height / 2);
+            int z = random.nextInt(depth) - (depth / 2);
+            IrisBlockVector position = new IrisBlockVector(x, y, z);
+            String key = PALETTE.get(random.nextInt(PALETTE.size()));
+            object.getBlocks().put(position, state(key));
+            placed.add(position);
+            if (key.startsWith("minecraft:chest") && random.nextBoolean()) {
+                object.getStates().put(position, new TileData("minecraft:chest", new KMap<>()));
+            }
+        }
+        if (index % 4 == 1 && !placed.isEmpty()) {
+            List<TreeGrounding.Root> roots = new ArrayList<>();
+            Set<TreeBlockCanvas.Vec> canopy = new HashSet<>();
+            for (IrisBlockVector position : placed) {
+                if (random.nextInt(3) == 0) {
+                    canopy.add(new TreeBlockCanvas.Vec(position.getBlockX(), position.getBlockY(), position.getBlockZ()));
+                }
+            }
+            IrisBlockVector root = placed.get(0);
+            roots.add(new TreeGrounding.Root(root.getBlockX(), -(height / 2), root.getBlockZ(), state("minecraft:oak_log[axis=y]")));
+            object.setTreeGrounding(TreeGrounding.create(roots, 4, canopy));
+        }
+        return object;
+    }
+
+    private static IrisObjectRotation rotation(IrisAxisRotationClamp x, IrisAxisRotationClamp y, IrisAxisRotationClamp z) {
+        IrisObjectRotation rotation = new IrisObjectRotation();
+        rotation.setEnabled(true);
+        rotation.setXAxis(x);
+        rotation.setYAxis(y);
+        rotation.setZAxis(z);
+        return rotation;
+    }
+
+    private GoldenState state(String raw) {
+        String key = raw.toLowerCase();
+        if (key.indexOf(':') < 0) {
+            key = "minecraft:" + key;
+        }
+        return states.computeIfAbsent(key, GoldenState::new);
+    }
+
+    private NativeBlockState mergeStates(NativeBlockState base, NativeBlockState update) {
+        GoldenState left = (GoldenState) base;
+        GoldenState right = (GoldenState) update;
+        if (!left.material.equals(right.material)) {
+            return update;
+        }
+        LinkedHashMap<String, String> merged = new LinkedHashMap<>(left.properties);
+        merged.putAll(right.properties);
+        return state(GoldenState.compose(left.material, merged));
+    }
+
+    private static NativeBlockState rotateState(IrisObjectRotation rotation, NativeBlockState state, int spinX, int spinY, int spinZ) {
+        if (state == null || !rotation.canRotate()) {
+            return state;
+        }
+        GoldenState golden = (GoldenState) state;
+        String facing = golden.properties.get("facing");
+        if (facing != null) {
+            IrisBlockVector vector = switch (facing) {
+                case "north" -> new IrisBlockVector(0, 0, -1);
+                case "south" -> new IrisBlockVector(0, 0, 1);
+                case "east" -> new IrisBlockVector(1, 0, 0);
+                case "west" -> new IrisBlockVector(-1, 0, 0);
+                case "up" -> new IrisBlockVector(0, 1, 0);
+                default -> new IrisBlockVector(0, -1, 0);
+            };
+            IrisBlockVector rotated = rotation.rotate(vector, spinX, spinY, spinZ);
+            String face = faceName(rotated);
+            if (face.equals("up") || face.equals("down")) {
+                return golden.material.endsWith("_stairs") ? null : state;
+            }
+            return face.equals(facing) ? state : golden.with("facing", face);
+        }
+        String axis = golden.properties.get("axis");
+        if (axis != null) {
+            IrisBlockVector vector = switch (axis) {
+                case "x" -> new IrisBlockVector(1, 0, 0);
+                case "y" -> new IrisBlockVector(0, 1, 0);
+                default -> new IrisBlockVector(0, 0, 1);
+            };
+            IrisBlockVector rotated = rotation.rotate(vector, spinX, spinY, spinZ);
+            double ax = Math.abs(rotated.getX());
+            double ay = Math.abs(rotated.getY());
+            double az = Math.abs(rotated.getZ());
+            String result = ax >= ay && ax >= az ? "x" : ay >= az ? "y" : "z";
+            return result.equals(axis) ? state : golden.with("axis", result);
+        }
+        return state;
+    }
+
+    private static String faceName(IrisBlockVector vector) {
+        double ax = Math.abs(vector.getX());
+        double ay = Math.abs(vector.getY());
+        double az = Math.abs(vector.getZ());
+        if (ay >= ax && ay >= az) {
+            return vector.getY() > 0 ? "up" : "down";
+        }
+        if (ax >= az) {
+            return vector.getX() > 0 ? "east" : "west";
+        }
+        return vector.getZ() > 0 ? "south" : "north";
+    }
+
+    private final class GoldenState implements NativeBlockState {
+        private final String key;
+        private final String material;
+        private final LinkedHashMap<String, String> properties;
+
+        private GoldenState(String key) {
+            this.key = key;
+            int bracket = key.indexOf('[');
+            this.material = bracket < 0 ? key : key.substring(0, bracket);
+            this.properties = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            if (bracket >= 0) {
+                for (String part : key.substring(bracket + 1, key.length() - 1).split(",")) {
+                    int split = part.indexOf('=');
+                    properties.put(part.substring(0, split), part.substring(split + 1));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static String compose(String material, Map<String, String> properties) {
+            if (properties.isEmpty()) {
+                return material;
+            }
+            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(material).append('[');
+            boolean first = true;
+            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : properties.entrySet()) {
+                if (!first) {
+                    builder.append(',');
+                }
+                builder.append(entry.getKey()).append('=').append(entry.getValue());
+                first = false;
+            }
+            return builder.append(']').toString();
+        }
+
+        private GoldenState with(String name, String value) {
+            LinkedHashMap<String, String> updated = new LinkedHashMap<>(properties);
+            updated.put(name, value);
+            return state(compose(material, updated));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String key() {
+            return key;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String namespace() {
+            return "minecraft";
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isAir() {
+            return material.endsWith("air");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isSolid() {
+            return !isAir() && !isFluid() && !isVineBlock() && !material.equals("minecraft:lantern");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isOccluding() {
+            return material.equals("minecraft:stone") || material.equals("minecraft:dirt")
+                    || material.equals("minecraft:grass_block") || material.equals("minecraft:oak_log")
+                    || material.equals("minecraft:cobblestone") || material.equals("minecraft:oak_slab");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isCustom() {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isFluid() {
+            return material.equals("minecraft:water");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isWater() {
+            return isFluid();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isWaterLogged() {
+            return "true".equals(properties.get("waterlogged"));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isLit() {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isUpdatable() {
+            return material.endsWith("_stairs");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isFoliage() {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isTreeBlock() {
+            return material.endsWith("_log") || material.endsWith("_leaves");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isFoliagePlantable() {
+            return material.equals("minecraft:grass_block") || material.equals("minecraft:dirt");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isDecorant() {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isStorage() {
+            return material.equals("minecraft:chest");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isStorageChest() {
+            return isStorage();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isOre() {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isDeepSlate() {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isVineBlock() {
+            return material.equals("minecraft:vine");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean canPlaceOnto(NativeBlockState onto) {
+            return onto != null && onto.isSolid();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean matches(NativeBlockState state) {
+            if (!(state instanceof GoldenState other) || !other.material.equals(material)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : other.properties.entrySet()) {
+                if (!entry.getValue().equals(properties.get(entry.getKey()))) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean hasTileEntity() {
+            return isStorage();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public NativeBlockState withProperty(String name, String value) {
+            return with(name, value);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Object nativeHandle() {
+            return key;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return key;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class GoldenPlacer implements IObjectPlacer {
+        private final Engine engine;
+        private final boolean preventDecay;
+        private final Map<Long, NativeBlockState> blocks = new HashMap<>();
+        private final Map<Long, Map<Class<?>, Object>> extra = new HashMap<>();
+        private long hash = 31L;
+        private int writes;
+        private int markerWrites;
+
+        private GoldenPlacer(Engine engine, boolean preventDecay) {
+            this.engine = engine;
+            this.preventDecay = preventDecay;
+        }
+
+        private static long key(int x, int y, int z) {
+            return (((long) x & 0x3FFFFFL) << 42) | (((long) y & 0xFFFFFL) << 22) | ((long) z & 0x3FFFFFL);
+        }
+
+        private int surface(int x, int z) {
+            return 64 + Math.floorMod(x * 31 + z * 17, 9) - 4;
+        }
+
+        private void record(String kind, int x, int y, int z, String value) {
+            writes++;
+            hash = mix(hash, kind.hashCode());
+            hash = mix(hash, x);
+            hash = mix(hash, y);
+            hash = mix(hash, z);
+            hash = mix(hash, value.hashCode());
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int getHighest(int x, int z, IrisData data) {
+            return surface(x, z);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int getHighest(int x, int z, IrisData data, boolean ignoreFluid) {
+            return ignoreFluid ? surface(x, z) : Math.max(surface(x, z), 62);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void set(int x, int y, int z, NativeBlockState d) {
+            record("set", x, y, z, d == null ? "null" : d.key());
+            blocks.put(key(x, y, z), d);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public NativeBlockState get(int x, int y, int z) {
+            NativeBlockState written = blocks.get(key(x, y, z));
+            if (written != null) {
+                return written;
+            }
+            int surface = surface(x, z);
+            if (y <= surface) {
+                return state(y == surface ? "minecraft:grass_block[snowy=false]" : "minecraft:stone");
+            }
+            if (y <= 62) {
+                return state("minecraft:water");
+            }
+            return Math.floorMod(x + y + z, 13) == 0 ? state("minecraft:oak_leaves[distance=1,persistent=true,waterlogged=true]") : null;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isPreventingDecay() {
+            return preventDecay;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isCarved(int x, int y, int z) {
+            return Math.floorMod(x * 7 + y * 3 + z * 11, 29) == 0;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isSolid(int x, int y, int z) {
+            NativeBlockState state = get(x, y, z);
+            return state != null && state.isSolid();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isUnderwater(int x, int z) {
+            return surface(x, z) < 62;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int getFluidHeight() {
+            return 62;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int getFluidHeight(int x, int z) {
+            return 62;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isDebugSmartBore() {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void setTile(int xx, int yy, int zz, TileData tile) {
+            record("tile", xx, yy, zz, tile == null ? "null" : "tile");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public <T> void setData(int xx, int yy, int zz, T value) {
+            record("data", xx, yy, zz, value == null ? "null" : value.getClass().getSimpleName() + ":" + value);
+            if (value instanceof MatterMarker) {
+                markerWrites++;
+            }
+            extra.computeIfAbsent(key(xx, yy, zz), ignored -> new HashMap<>()).put(value == null ? Object.class : value.getClass(), value);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public <T> T getData(int xx, int yy, int zz, Class<T> type) {
+            Map<Class<?>, Object> values = extra.get(key(xx, yy, zz));
+            Object value = values == null ? null : values.get(type);
+            return value == null ? null : type.cast(value);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean beginTreeCanopy(BlockPosition position) {
+            boolean open = IObjectPlacer.super.beginTreeCanopy(position);
+            record("canopy", position.getX(), position.getY(), position.getZ(), Boolean.toString(open));
+            return open;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Engine getEngine() {
+            return engine;
+        }
+    }
+}